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Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

Overview
Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration01:27

Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration

Calcium is an essential signaling molecule required for various cellular functions. Calcium pumps and ion channels on cell and organellar membranes, such as those on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), regulate calcium concentrations inside the cell. They remain closed, keeping the cytosolic calcium levels low at a resting state.
Various transmembrane receptors, such as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), elicit a response to extracellular signals by increasing cytosolic calcium. Activated GPCRs...
Calmodulin-dependent Signaling01:16

Calmodulin-dependent Signaling

Calmodulin (CaM) is a calcium-binding protein in eukaryotes that controls various calcium-regulated cellular processes. It has four calcium-binding sites that bind calcium to form the calcium-calmodulin ( Ca2+-CaM) complex. GPCR stimulation increases the calcium levels in the cells that bind to CaM and induces a conformational change.
The Ca2+-CaM complex does not have enzymatic activity by itself. Instead, the complex binds downstream target proteins, including membrane proteins or enzymes,...
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...

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Whole-Cell Recording of Calcium Release-Activated Calcium (CRAC) Currents in Human T Lymphocytes
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Published on: December 21, 2010

LTRPC2によって媒介される免疫細胞 Ca2+ 流入システム.

Y Sano1, K Inamura, A Miyake

  • 1Molecular Medicine Laboratories, Institute for Drug Discovery Research, Yamanouchi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan. sano.yorikata@yamanouchi.co.jp

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 18, 2001
PubMed
まとめ

アデノシン5'-二酸化リボゼ (ADPR) とニコチナミドアデニン・ディヌクレオチド (NAD) は,LTRPC2イオンチャネルを活性化し,カルシウム (Ca2+) が免疫細胞に流入することを促進します. この発見は,免疫細胞のカルシウムシグナル伝達を調節する新しいメカニズムを強調しています.

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15:29

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Analysis of T-cell Receptor-Induced Calcium Influx in Primary Murine T-cells by Full Spectrum Flow Cytometry
10:01

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Published on: December 16, 2022

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05:56

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科学分野:

  • 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
  • 免疫学 免疫学とは
  • バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー

背景:

  • トランジエント受容体ポテンシャル (TRP) チャンネルスーパーファミリーは,細胞シグナル伝達において重要な役割を果たします.
  • LTRPC2のようなTRPチャネルの活性化メカニズムを理解することは,細胞の機能,特に免疫細胞の機能を理解するために不可欠です.

研究 の 目的:

  • 人間のLTRPC2タンパク質の活性化メカニズムを解明する.
  • 免疫細胞へのカルシウム (Ca2+) の流入を媒介するLTRPC2の役割を決定する.

主な方法:

  • LTRPC2タンパク質の活性化の特徴.
  • Ca2+の浸透性と流入を測定するための機能的測定法.
  • LTRPC2活性に対する細胞内核酸の効果の調査.

主要な成果:

  • LTRPC2はCa2+透過性の非選択性カチオンチャネルとして機能する.
  • 細胞内アデノシン5'-二酸化リボゼ (ADPR) とニコチナミドアデニン・ディヌクレオチド (NAD) は,LTRPC2.2を直接活性化する.
  • ADPRとNADによるLTRPC2の活性化により,Ca2+が免疫細胞に流入する.
  • 細胞内アデノシントリフォスファート (ATP) は,LTRPC2の活性化を抑制する.

結論:

  • ADPRとNADは,LTRPC2.2を活性化する細胞内伝達物質として機能します.
  • LTRPC2は,免疫細胞へのCa2+の流入を媒介する重要な役割を果たしています.
  • この発見は,LTRPC2.2を含む免疫細胞におけるカルシウム調節のための新しい経路を明らかにしています.