繰り返される深い地震:大きな深さでの断層再活性化の証拠
1Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
まとめ
トンガ・スラブの深い地震は,繰り返される破裂パターンを明らかにします. これらの地震現象は,断層再活性化が熱切断の不安定性と繰り返される破裂プロセスによって強く制御されていることを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 地震学 地震学とは
- 地質物理学 地質物理学とは地質物理学です.
- テクトニクス (地質学) とは
背景:
- 沈殿板の内部での深い地震は,複雑な構造的プロセスについての洞察を提供します.
- 地震の破裂メカニズムを理解することは,地震の危険性評価に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- トンガの潜水地帯で繰り返される地震のシーケンスを特定し,特徴づけること.
- 地震の深層破裂と再発を制御する物理的メカニズムを調査する.
主な方法:
- トンガ・スラブでほぼ同一の波形を持つ深い地震を特定した.
- 精密な地震移転のためのクロス・コレレーション・メソッドを活用した.
- 地震クラスター,空間分布,再発間隔を分析した.
主要な成果:
- 深い地震の3つの異なるクラスターを発見し,それぞれ10〜30のイベントを持つ平面構造 (10〜30km長) を形成しました.
- 同じ場所の地震が観測され,同じ断層の断層が繰り返し破裂することを示しています.
- 繰り返し間隔の逆の時間分布を発見し,故障再活性化の時間的な制御を示唆しました.
- 地震のダブルツが数時間以内に発生し,熱拡散プロセスと一致しています.
結論:
- 脱走した熱切断の不安定性は,一時的に集結した,類似の波形の深い地震を説明する可能性が高い.
- 特定の断層領域の繰り返し破裂と同様の破裂パターンは,トンガ・スラブにおける予測可能な地震行動を示唆しています.
- この発見は,深い地震の発生と再発における熱効果の重要な役割を強調しています.
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