リースクレーターから採取した7座標チタンのルチールの超濃厚ポリモルフ
A El Goresy1, M Chen, L Dubrovinsky
1Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie, J. Joachim-Becher-Weg 27, 55128 Mainz, Germany. goresy@mpch-mainz.mpg.de
まとめ
科学者たちは,ドイツのリースクレーターから衝撃を受けた岩石で,新しい超密度の二酸化チタン (TiO2) 鉱物を発見しました. このbaddeleyite型TiO2ポリモルフは,ルチールよりも11%密度が高く,衝突時の衝撃圧力に関する洞察を提供します.
科学分野:
- ミネラロジーは,鉱物学です.
- 地質化学 地質化学
- 惑星科学 惑星科学
背景:
- 二酸化チタン (TiO2) は複数のポリモルフで存在し,ルチールが一般的です.
- 衝撃を受けた岩は,衝撃の出来事による極端な圧力と温度条件の証拠を提供します.
研究 の 目的:
- 新型,超密度の高いTiO2ポリモーフの発見と特徴を報告する.
- この新しい鉱物相を使って,リースクレーターにおける衝撃条件を制圧する.
主な方法:
- リースクレーターからのショックを受けたグネイスの顕微鏡分析.
- 結晶学的構造の決定のためのX線 difraktion (XRD).
- 密度とセルパラメータの計算.
主要な成果:
- モノクリニックの格子を持つ超密度のポストルチル型TiO2ポリモルフの発見,バドデライト (ZrO2) と同構造である.
- 新しい段階は,偏光下での強い青色の内部反射を示します.
- 細胞のパラメータを決定する:a = 4.606(2) Å,b = 4.986(3) Å,c = 4.933(3) Å,β = 99.17(6) °,スペースグループP2(1)/c.
- 計算した密度は4.72g/cm3で,ルチールよりも11%密度が高い.
- ルチルへの逆転につながるX線照射に対する感受性が特定されました.
- 500°C以下の温度で1620 GPaに制限されたピークショック圧力.
結論:
- バドデレライト型TiO2の発見は,衝突イベントのための新しい高圧指標を提供します.
- この発見は,ショック条件下でのTiO2相変換の理解を洗練しています.
- リースクレーター岩の鉱物の存在は,衝撃イベントの強度に関する重要なデータを提供します.
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