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文化に基づいた健康促進プログラム後の新生児のデタックス死亡率への影響
Lancet (London, England)
|September 1, 2001
まとめ
地域社会主導の健康促進プログラムにより,マサイ族の新生児のデタンスによる死亡が著しく減少しました. このイニシアチブは,幼児の健康状態を改善するために,文化的に敏感な介入の有効性を実証しました.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- 感染症疫学 感染症疫学
- 母親と子供の健康について
背景:
- 新生児のデタラメは,マサイ族のコミュニティ内で重大な死亡リスクをもたらしました.
- 茎に牛の糞を塗るという伝統的慣習は,新生児の長頸症の高率に寄与した.
研究 の 目的:
- 新生児の乳死率に対する健康促進プログラムの影響を評価する.
- 地元女性を含むコミュニティベースの介入の有効性を評価する.
主な方法:
- マサイコミュニティと協議して,健康促進プログラムが開発されました.
- 現地の女性たちが訓練を受け,プログラムを実施した.
- 1981年から1988年の間,介入地域と対照地域間の新生児のチタヌス発症率を比較した.
主要な成果:
- 新生児で発生するテタノスの発生率は,1981年にプログラムが実施された後,急激に減少した.
- 1988年までに,介入地域における年間死亡率は1000出産当たり0.75であった.
- 制御地域では,毎年発生する死亡率が著しく上昇し,出生1000人当たり74~93人であった.
結論:
- 文化的に調整された健康促進プログラムは,新生児のを大幅に減らすことができます.
- 地域社会の関与と地方のリーダーシップは,公衆衛生介入の成功に不可欠です.
- シンプルで地元主導の取り組みは,幼児生存率の大幅な改善につながる可能性があります.
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