手の動きと集団ベクトルの間の解離は,運動皮質のニューラル活動から発生する
S H Scott1, P L Gribble, K M Graham
1Present address: Department of Psychology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5C2, Canada. steve@biomed.queensu.ca
Nature
|September 15, 2001
まとめ
主要運動皮質 (MI) の活動から手の動きの方向を予測する集団ベクトル仮説は,挑戦されました. 新しい発見は,MIの集団ベクトルが,人間以外の霊長類の実際の手動き方向と常に一致しないことを示しています.
科学分野:
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
- モーター・コントロール・コントロール
- 霊長類の行動
背景:
- 集団ベクトル仮説は,プライマリモーター皮質 (MI) の神経活動が,手動きの方向を予測することを前提としています.
- 以前の研究は,運動の複雑さによって制限され,代替説明の実験的テストを防ぐことができました.
- 非人間霊長類における運動の達成は,運動制御を理解するためのモデルとなっている.
研究 の 目的:
- 人口ベクトル仮説を再検討する. 動きに達する際に神経活動を記録する.
- 集団ベクトルと実際の手動き方向の間の不一致を調査する.
- 神経活動,肢体力学,運動方向の関係を探求する.
主な方法:
- 猿の原発運動皮質 (MI) のニューロンからの記録された神経活動.
- 水平面での伸縮運動を利用し,測定可能なアニソトロピックな肢体メカニズムを可能にします.
- 集団ベクトル,手動方向,関節力の関係性を分析した.
主要な成果:
- 集団ベクトルと手動きの方向の間の体系的なバイアスを発見しました.
- これらの誤差は,好ましいニューロンの方向の不均一な分布に起因する.
- ニューロンの非均一性は,肩と肘のピーク関節力と共変していることが観察されました.
結論:
- 集団ベクトル仮説は,これらの発見によって矛盾しています.
- 非人間類霊長類は,人口ベクトルが手の動きに指し示さないにもかかわらず,ターゲットに到達する動きを生成することができます.
- 肢体力学と神経特性は,集団ベクトルモデルによって完全に捉えられない方法で,運動出力に影響します.
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