サイズと温度が代謝率に及ぼす影響

J F Gillooly¹, J H Brown, G B West

¹Department of Biology, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA. gillooly@unm.edu

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|September 22, 2001

まとめ

新しいモデルは,微生物から哺乳類に至るまで,様々な生物の代謝率と温度と体質を関連付けています. これは,生物学的エネルギー使用と生態学的機能を支配する普遍的なスケーリング原理を明らかにします.

科学分野:

バイオフィジックス生物物理学
メタボリックエコロジー
アロメトリー・アロメトリー

背景:

代謝率は,生物の生理学と生態学的相互作用にとって根本的なものです.
温度と体質が代謝率にどのように影響するかを理解することは,生態学的動態を予測する上で極めて重要です.
既存のモデルは,しばしば特定の生物群や温度範囲に焦点を当てている.

研究の目的:

代謝率に関する一般的な生体物理モデルを開発する.
統合されたアプローチのために生化学的運動学とアロメトリを組み込む.
異なる分類種における温度と体重の影響を特徴づけること.

主な方法:

生化学運動学に基づく一般的なモデルの導出.
体質と代謝率を関連付けるためのアロメトリック原理の適用.
モデルを微生物,エクトサーム,エンドサーム,植物でテストする.

主要な成果:

このモデルは,様々な生物の代謝率にうまく適合しています.
質量と温度を補償した休息代謝率は,保存されたスケーリングパターンを示しています.
最も低い代謝率 (微生物/植物) と最も高い代謝率 (内熱生物) の間には約20倍もの差がある.

結論:

温度と体長は,代謝率の重要な決定因子です.
派生モデルは,代謝スケーリングを理解するための統一された枠組みを提供します.
これらの発見は,生物学的時間と生命における生態学的役割に意味を持つ.

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