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Determination of the Gas-phase Acidities of Oligopeptides
Published on: June 24, 2013
カーボキシル酸の酸性:反論と再定義
1Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 16610 Praha 6, Czech Republic.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|September 27, 2001
まとめ
炭酸酸の酸性は低エネルギーアニオンに由来し,以前の理論に異議を唱えた. 酸とアニオンの両方の共鳴は,特に水において重要な役割を果たしますが,静電電位は鍵です.
科学分野:
- 物理化学 物理化学
- 量子化学とは,量子化学である.
- 理論化学 理論化学について
背景:
- 最近の理論では,カルボキシル酸の酸性は高分子エネルギーと静電電位に起因し,アニオン共振安定化を軽視した.
- この観点からすると,酸性はアニオンの安定化ではなく,酸分子のエネルギーから生じたことを示唆している.
研究 の 目的:
- カーボキシル酸イオン化の理論を改訂するために,逆のプロセスを調査する:フォーマットアニオンのプロトネーション.
- 炭酸塩酸の酸度を2,2,2-トリフルオロエタノールやメタノラートなどの基準アニオンなどのモデル化合物と比較するために.
- カーボキシル酸および関連する化合物の酸性に対する静電電位および共振の貢献を解明する.
主な方法:
- MP2/6-31++G(2d,p) レベルでのab initio計算を使用して,フォーマットアニオンのプロトネーションを研究しました.
- アニオンの安定性を評価するために,実験的な形成エンタルピーと計算されたエネルギーを用いて,アイソデミック反応を採用しました.
- 2,2,2-トリフルオロエタノールなどのモデル化合物を研究し,共鳴効果を隔離しました.
主要な成果:
- 計算により,カルボキシル酸の酸度が主にアニオンの低エネルギーによるものであることが示され,以前の理論と矛盾している.
- アニオンの静電電位は,酸性の重要な要因として特定されました.
- 酸分子とアニオンの両方における共振効果は,ガス相におけるアルコールと比較して酸性の増加の半分未満に貢献することが判明したが,水溶液では半分以上であった.
結論:
- カーボキシル酸の酸性は,基本的には結合アニオンの安定性 (低エネルギー) と関連しています.
- アニオンの静電電位は,酸性の決定的な決定因子です.
- 共振は酸性の増強に寄与するが,その相対的な重要性については,ガス相と水溶液の間で変動し,静電的要因はガス相においてより優勢である.
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