関連する実験動画
Updated: May 3, 2026

07:16
Thermal Limits Determination for Zooplankton Using a Heat Block
Published on: November 18, 2022
1.4K
クレータ紀後期とエオセンの時期の温暖な熱帯海面温度
P N Pearson1, P W Ditchfield, J Singano
1Department of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Queen's Road, Bristol BS8 1RJ, UK. paul.pearson@bristol.ac.uk
Nature
|October 5, 2001
まとめ
古代の気候データは,モデルが予測するよりも冷たい熱帯を示唆しています. 保存状態の良い化石を用いた新しい研究は,気候モデルと化石の証拠と一致して,熱帯の海面温度が著しく上昇していることを明らかにしています.
科学分野:
- 古代気候学 (paleoclimatology) とは,古代気候学 (paleoclimatology) とは,古代気候学 (paleoclimatology) とは,古代気候学 (paleoclimatology) とは,古代気候学 (paleoclimatology) とは
- 気候モデリング
- 地質化学 地質化学
背景:
- 気候モデルは,二酸化炭素の増加による熱帯温暖化を予測しています.
- パレオデータ,特にフォラミニフェラの酸素同位体温度測定は,過去の温室効果期間の寒い熱帯気温を示唆しています.
- 気候モデルの予測と古代の気候プロキシデータの解釈の間に不一致がある.
研究 の 目的:
- 過去の温室効果エピソードにおける熱帯海面温度を再評価する.
- 気候モデルの予測と既存のパレオデータとの間の不一致に対処するためです.
- 保存とダイアジェネティックな変化によるパレオデータの信頼性を調査する.
主な方法:
- 極めて保存状態の良いプランクトン型フォラミニファー殻の分析.
- 浸透性のない粘土に富んだ堆積物から化石を抽出する.
- 純正なフォラミニファー殻の酸素同位体パレオサーモメトリー.
主要な成果:
- 新しいデータは,研究された間隔で熱帯海面の温度が28~32°Cであることを示しています.
- これは,保存状態の良くない化石に基づいた15〜23°Cの以前の推定とは対照的です.
- 改訂された気温は,化石生物の分布と気候モデルの出力とより一貫しています.
結論:
- 熱帯の気温に関する過去のパレオデータは,化石のダイアゲネシスによって損なわれる可能性があります.
- 特別に保存された化石は,古代の熱帯海面温度のより信頼できる見積もりを提供します.
- 過去の温室効果期間のより高い熱帯気温は,改訂されたパレオデータと気候モデルによって支持されています.
関連する概念動画
Global Climate Change
24.4K
Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
24.4K
Radiation: Applications
1.8K
The average temperature of Earth is the subject of much current discussion. Earth is in radiative contact with both the Sun and dark space; it receives almost all its energy from the radiation of the Sun and reflects some of it into outer space. Dark space is very cold, about 3 K, so Earth radiates energy into it. For instance, heat transfer occurs from soil and grasses, the rate of which can be so rapid that frost can occur on clear summer evenings, even in warm latitudes.
The average...
The average...
1.8K
Hyperthermophilic Bacteria
792
Domain Bacteria includes some unique hyperthermophilic species. They exhibit remarkable adaptations that enable survival in extreme environments.Thermotoga species are rod-shaped, gram-negative, non-sporulating hyperthermophiles that form a sheath-like envelope called a toga. They ferment sugars or starch, producing lactate, acetate, CO₂, and H₂, and can also grow via anaerobic respiration using H₂ and ferric iron. Found in hot springs and hydrothermal vents, over 20% of their...
792
Diversity of Archaea I
957
Archaea, a domain of single-celled microorganisms, are classified into five major phyla based on genetic and biochemical characteristics: Euryarchaeota, Crenarchaeota, Thaumarchaeota, Korarchaeota, and Nanoarchaeota. Among these, the phylum Euryarchaeota is notable for its remarkable diversity in morphology, metabolism, and ecological adaptations.Morphological and Metabolic DiversityMembers of Euryarchaeota exhibit a variety of cellular shapes, including rods and cocci. Their metabolic pathways...
957
Diversity of Archaea III
502
Crenarchaeota, a prominent phylum of Archaea, is remarkable for its ability to thrive in extreme environments characterized by high temperatures and acidity. These microorganisms inhabit sulfuric hot springs, volcanic systems, and submarine hydrothermal vents, where temperatures often exceed 100°C. The unique adaptations of Crenarchaeota not only allow survival under such extreme conditions but also provide insights into the mechanisms of life in primordial Earth-like...
502
Deep Sea Microbial Ecology
53
The deep ocean and its underlying sediments represent vast, largely unexplored microbial habitats that extend far beyond the sunlit photic zone. The photic (euphotic) zone typically spans the upper ~100–200 meters of pelagic waters in the open ocean, but its depth varies geographically and seasonally, where sufficient light supports photosynthetic life. Below this lies the deep sea, spanning roughly 1000–6000 meters (bathypelagic to abyssal zones), with deeper hadal trenches...
53

