侵入性ストレプトコッカス肺炎菌の単離体の中でマクロライド耐性がある
T B Hyde1, K Gay, D S Stephens
1National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Mailstop C-23, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
JAMA
|October 26, 2001
まとめ
Streptococcus pneumoniaeのマクロライド抗生物質耐性は,特に幼児の間で増加しています. ほとんどの耐性菌株は中等から高い最小抑制濃度 (MIC) を示し,治療の有効性に関する懸念を提起しています.
科学分野:
- 微生物学 微生物学とは
- 感染症 感染症は感染症です.
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
背景:
- マクロリド抗生物質は,コミュニティで得られた肺炎の主要な治療法です.
- Streptococcus pneumoniaeにおけるマクロリド耐性の増大は,米国において公衆衛生上の懸念が高まっている.
- Streptococcus pneumoniaeにおけるマクロリド耐性の臨床的意義は不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- 米国におけるマクロリド耐性肺炎球菌の流行病学を調査する.
- マクロリド耐性および関連する要因の動向を分析する.
主な方法:
- 1995年から1999年にかけての15,481個の侵入性ストレプトコッカス肺炎菌単離物の分析.
- 疾病管理予防センターのアクティブバクテリア・コア監視システムからのデータを活用した.
- マクロリドの使用の傾向,耐性フェノタイプ (MとMLS) と最小抑制濃度 (MIC) を調べました.
主要な成果:
- マクロリド抗生物質の使用は1993年から1999年にかけて13%増加し,5歳未満の子供では320%増加しました.
- Streptococcus pneumoniaeのマクロライド耐性は1995年の10.6%から1999年の20.4%に上昇した.
- 適度なMICに関連したMフェノタイプは著しく増加し,MLS (B) フェノタイプは安定したままでした. M型フェノタイプ株は,幼い子供や白人集団においてより一般的であった.
結論:
- Streptococcus pneumoniaeのマクロライド耐性は,米国では一般的であり,抗生物質の使用の増加と相関しています.
- 耐性菌株の有意な割合は,報告された治療失敗に関連したMICを示しています.
- これらの発見が肺炎治療に与える臨床的影響を理解するために,さらなる研究と監視が不可欠です.
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