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Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction01:27

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction

IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a valvular heart disorder in which the mitral valve fails to close tightly, allowing blood to leak backward into the heart. Understanding the clinical manifestations, assessment, diagnostic findings, and medical management of MR is crucial to effectively managing affected patients.Clinical Manifestations of Mitral RegurgitationMitral regurgitation can be acute or chronic, each presenting differently and requiring different approaches:1. Acute Mitral...
Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is characterized by retrograde blood circulation from the left ventricle into the left atrium due to inadequate mitral valve closure. The severity of the condition, symptoms, and underlying cause determine treatment strategies.Monitoring and Pharmacological TreatmentPatients with mild to moderate MR typically do not need immediate intervention but regular monitoring to assess progression and guide treatment. Patients with mild MR should have an echocardiogram every 3-5...
Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

High-frequency High-resolution Echocardiography: First Evidence on Non-invasive Repeated Measure of Myocardial Strain, Contractility, and Mitral Regurgitation in the Ischemia-reperfused Murine Heart
11:50

High-frequency High-resolution Echocardiography: First Evidence on Non-invasive Repeated Measure of Myocardial Strain, Contractility, and Mitral Regurgitation in the Ischemia-reperfused Murine Heart

Published on: July 9, 2010

パピラ筋機能不全による不全性ミトラル反発のパラドックスな減少:ストレートレート測定による3次元対照エコーカルディオグラフィーの洞察

E Messas1, J L Guerrero, M D Handschumacher

  • 1Cardiac Ultrasound Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Circulation
|October 17, 2001
PubMed
まとめ

パピラ筋 (PM) 機能障害は,レフレットコアプテーションを改善することによって,逆説的に,不全性ミトラル吐 (MR) を軽減することができます. この発見は,MRの幾何学的要因を強調し,新しい治療アプローチを提案しています.

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Echocardiographic Approaches and Protocols for Comprehensive Phenotypic Characterization of Valvular Heart Disease in Mice
12:12

Echocardiographic Approaches and Protocols for Comprehensive Phenotypic Characterization of Valvular Heart Disease in Mice

Published on: February 14, 2017

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair
08:31

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair

Published on: October 16, 2021

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jul 11, 2026

High-frequency High-resolution Echocardiography: First Evidence on Non-invasive Repeated Measure of Myocardial Strain, Contractility, and Mitral Regurgitation in the Ischemia-reperfused Murine Heart
11:50

High-frequency High-resolution Echocardiography: First Evidence on Non-invasive Repeated Measure of Myocardial Strain, Contractility, and Mitral Regurgitation in the Ischemia-reperfused Murine Heart

Published on: July 9, 2010

Echocardiographic Approaches and Protocols for Comprehensive Phenotypic Characterization of Valvular Heart Disease in Mice
12:12

Echocardiographic Approaches and Protocols for Comprehensive Phenotypic Characterization of Valvular Heart Disease in Mice

Published on: February 14, 2017

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair
08:31

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair

Published on: October 16, 2021

科学分野:

  • 心血管生理学 心血管の生理学
  • 心臓のメカニズム 心臓のメカニズム
  • メディカルイマージング (医学イメージング)

背景:

  • 発血性ミトラル反発 (MR) は伝統的にパピラ筋 (PM) の収縮機能不全に起因している.
  • 現在の理論では,左心室 (LV) の歪みが,アピカル・リーフレット・テザリングを引き起こしていることに焦点を当てている.
  • しかし,PM機能障害は依然として一般的に診断され,その役割の再評価を促しています.

研究 の 目的:

  • PM収縮機能不全が逆説的にMRを減少させることができるという仮説を検証する.
  • 幾何学的な変化を通してMRを調節する下位基礎性イシュケミアの役割を調査する.

主な方法:

  • 7頭の羊の近辺回転循環が閉塞し,PMの perfusion を維持した.
  • 3Dエコーカルディオグラフィを使用して,フリュレットテッシング距離とLVエジェクションボリュームを測定しました.
  • 評価されたMRは,LV噴出量からLV流出量を減算することによって評価された.

主要な成果:

  • 下位性イシュケミア単独で誘発された軽度から中等度のMR (25.2+/-2.8%の吐分数) は,PMの先端の収縮による.
  • PMイシュケミアを追加すると,MR (5.2+/-0.3から1.4+/-0.3mL) とテッティング距離が減少した.
  • PMのストレイン率は,収縮から延長にシフトし,パンフレットテンティングが低下しました.

結論:

  • 逆説的に,PM収縮機能不全は,下基底性イシュケミアのMRを低下させる可能性があります.
  • この効果は,レフレットテザリングの減少とコアプテーションの改善によって媒介されます.
  • 幾何学的な要因は,不血性MRのメカニズムと潜在的な治療戦略において極めて重要です.