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A Simple Flight Mill for the Study of Tethered Flight in Insects
Published on: December 10, 2015
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継続的な鳥の飛行中に大量の燃料を運ぶことは,予想以上に安価です
A Kvist1, Lindström A, M Green
1Department of Animal Ecology, Lund University, Ecology Building, S-22362 Lund, Sweden. anders.kvist@zooekol.lu.se
Nature
|October 19, 2001
まとめ
より多くの燃料を運ぶ移動する鳥は,予想よりも比率的に少ない余分な代謝力を使用します. 燃料負荷で飛行筋肉の効率が上がったことが,長距離のノンストップフライトを説明するかもしれない.
科学分野:
- 鳥類の生物学について
- 生理学的な生態学は,生理学的な生態学である.
- バイオメカニクス バイオメカニクス
背景:
- 移動する鳥は,飛行中の燃料使用と,停留中の燃料蓄積のバランスをとらなければなりません.
- 燃料を運ぶことは,代謝力の需要を増加させ,飛行効率と移動戦略に影響を与えます.
- 飛行中の代謝力の投入に対する燃料負荷の正確な影響は,経験的に未決定のままである.
研究 の 目的:
- 燃料負荷が,長距離移動する鳥の総代謝力投入に与える影響を経験的に決定する.
- 燃料負荷が,飛行中の代謝力の入力と機械力の出力の関係にどのように影響するか調査する.
主な方法:
- 合計代謝力の入力量を測定するために,ダブルラベルされた水の技術を使用しました.
- 長い距離を移動する赤ノット (Calidris canutus) を6〜10時間の風洞飛行中に観察した.
- 代謝および機械力への影響を評価するために,さまざまな燃料負荷.
主要な成果:
- 総代謝エネルギー投入量は,燃料負荷が増加するにつれて増加した.
- この増加は,機械的な出力に基づいて予測されたものより比例して少なかった.
- 高い燃料負荷で代謝力を機械力に変換する効率の向上が観察されました.
結論:
- 移動鳥の飛行筋の効率は,移動鳥の燃料負荷とともに増加する可能性が高い.
- この発見により,鳥の飛行と移動に関する現在のモデルに調整が必要となる.
- この現象は,いくつかの海岸鳥が,高いエネルギーコストにもかかわらず,例外的に長いノンストップ飛行を達成する方法を説明する可能性があります.
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