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小型の発現RNAをコードする新種の遺伝子の特定

M Lagos-Quintana¹, R Rauhut, W Lendeckel

¹Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|October 27, 2001

まとめ

研究者らは,様々な種において,マイクロRNA,すなわち小型のテンポラルRNA (stRNA) を発見した. これらのマイクロRNAは発達のタイミングを調節し,多くの生物で保存され,広範な遺伝子調節を示唆しています.

科学分野:

発達生物学発達生物学について
分子生物学は分子生物学である.
遺伝学遺伝学とは

背景:

C.elegansのlin-4とlet-7RNAは,発達のタイミングに決定的な役割を果たしています.
これらのRNAは,小型のテンポラルRNA (stRNAs) と呼ばれ,発達の過程で調節される.

研究の目的:

他の生物体における21および22核酸RNAの存在と保存を調査する.
これらの新しい小型のRNAが,転写後の調節におけるlet-7 stRNAと類似して機能するかどうかを判断する.

主な方法:

脊椎動物および無脊椎動物における21および22核酸RNAの発現分析.
保存と機能に関する既知のlet-7 stRNAと新しい小RNAの比較.

主要な成果:

無脊椎動物と脊椎動物の両方において,マイクロRNAと呼ばれる多数の21および22ヌクレオチドRNAを特定しました.
これらのマイクロRNAのいくつかは,異なる種において,Let-7 stRNAの保存を反映した,有意な保存を示した.

結論:

マイクロRNAは様々な生物に多く存在し,発達のタイミングを調節する役割を果たします.
小型RNAによる配列特異の転写後の調節は,広く保存されている生物学的メカニズムです.

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