関連する実験動画
Updated: Jul 18, 2026

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Use of Enzymatic Biosensors to Quantify Endogenous ATP or H2O2 in the Kidney
Published on: October 12, 2015
哺乳類TOR:ホメオスタティックATPセンサー
P B Dennis1, A Jaeschke, M Saitoh
1The Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Maulbeerstrasse 66, CH-4058, Basel, Switzerland.
まとめ
抗癌薬であるラパミシンは,固体腫瘍を標的とする. 研究者らは,哺乳類のラパミシン標的 (mTOR) 経路が,アミノ酸だけでなく,細胞のエネルギーレベル (ATP) を感知し,癌の成長に影響することを発見しました.
科学分野:
- バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- がん研究 がん研究
背景:
- ラパミシンは,固体腫瘍に対する効果的な抗がん剤です.
- 固体腫瘍の成長,特に低酸素症では,栄養素とミトゲン供給に依存しています.
- ラパミシン (mTOR) の哺乳類標的は,栄養素,特にアミノ酸の可用性に対応して,リボソームの生体生成と細胞の成長を調節する.
研究 の 目的:
- 栄養素濃度の変化に対応するmTOR経路の規制メカニズムを調査する.
- アミノ酸の豊富さにかかわらず,mTOR経路の調節が細胞内ATPレベルに影響されるかどうかを判断する.
- 細胞ATP濃度の直接センサーとしてmTORを識別する.
主な方法:
- mTOR経路における細胞内ATP濃度の影響を調査した.
- mTOR経路の調節におけるアミノ酸の豊富さの役割を調べました.
- ATPのmTORの直接感知能力を評価しました.
主要な成果:
- mTOR経路の活動は,細胞内ATP濃度によって調節される.
- このATP依存の調節は,アミノ酸レベルとは無関係に起こります.
- mTORは細胞内ATPの直接センサーとして機能します.
結論:
- 哺乳類のラパミシン標的 (mTOR) 経路は,細胞のエネルギー状態 (ATP) に敏感である.
- mTORはATPセンサーとして機能し,エネルギー信号を成長調節に統合します.
- この発見は,がん代謝とmTOR.を標的とした治療戦略に関する新しい洞察を提供します.
関連する概念動画
ATP Driven Pumps I: An Overview
ATP-driven pumps, also known as transport ATPases, are integral membrane proteins. They have binding sites for ATP located on the membrane's cytosolic side and the ion-conducting domain in the transmembrane region. These pumps use the free energy released from ATP hydrolysis to move the solutes across cell membranes against an electrochemical gradient.
There are four main types of ATP-driven pumps - P-type, V-type, F-type, and ABC transporter. All these pumps are of varying complexities and are...
There are four main types of ATP-driven pumps - P-type, V-type, F-type, and ABC transporter. All these pumps are of varying complexities and are...
Energy to Drive Translocation
Mitochondrial protein import is powered by two distinct energy sources: ATP hydrolysis and electrochemical potential across the inner membrane. Newly synthesized precursors are bound by cytosolic chaperones of the Hsp70 family, which guide them to the import receptors on the mitochondrial surface. Utilizing the energy of ATP hydrolysis, Hsp70 chaperones transfer these precursors to the TOM receptors on the mitochondrial outer membrane.
Generally, polypeptides are unfolded by two distinct...
Generally, polypeptides are unfolded by two distinct...
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression
The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
The mTOR pathway or the...
ATP Driven Pumps II: P-type Pumps
The P-type pumps are a large family of integral membrane transporter ATPases. They are divided into five major types based on substrate specificity, from I to V.
A typical P-type pump has three cytosolic domains: nucleotide-binding (N), phosphorylation (P), and activator (A) domains. These domains are connected to the membrane-spanning helices by short amino acid segments. ATP hydrolysis and covalent phosphoenzyme intermediate formation are crucial parts of the catalytic cycle. At the highly...
A typical P-type pump has three cytosolic domains: nucleotide-binding (N), phosphorylation (P), and activator (A) domains. These domains are connected to the membrane-spanning helices by short amino acid segments. ATP hydrolysis and covalent phosphoenzyme intermediate formation are crucial parts of the catalytic cycle. At the highly...
ATP Driven Pumps III: V-type Pumps
V-type pumps are ATP-driven pumps found in the vacuolar membranes of plants, yeast, endosomal and lysosomal membranes of animal cells, plasma membranes of a few specialized eukaryotic cells, and some prokaryotes. They are also known as the V1Vo-ATPase, that couple ATP hydrolysis to transport protons against a concentration gradient.
The peripheral or cytosolic V1 domain with eight subunits is involved in ATP hydrolysis. The integral or transmembrane V0 domain containing at least five subunits...
The peripheral or cytosolic V1 domain with eight subunits is involved in ATP hydrolysis. The integral or transmembrane V0 domain containing at least five subunits...
PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast, mTORC2 consists of a rapamycin-insensitive companion...

