空間と時間の幻想的な知覚は,クロスサッカディックな知覚の連続性を保ちます
1Sobell Department of Neurophysiology, Institute of Neurology, 8-11 Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK. k.yarrow@ion.ucl.ac.uk
Nature
|November 20, 2001
まとめ
脳は,サッカディックな眼の動きの間に視覚的知覚を時間的に後方に拡張し,クロノスタシスの錯覚を引き起こします. 標的の知覚のこの時間的な拡張は,目の動きの間に空間的安定性を維持することと関連しています.
科学分野:
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
- 認知心理学 心理学の知覚について
- コグニティブ・サイエンス コグニティブ・サイエンス
背景:
- サッカディック・アイ・ムーブメントは,速くて弾道的な目の動きです.
- クロノスタシス (chronostasis) は,時間が遅くなったり止まったりするように見える知覚の錯覚です.
- サッカディック抑制は,目の動き中の視覚処理を制限する.
研究 の 目的:
- 任意のサッカディックな眼の動きの間にクロノスタシスの錯覚の背後にあるメカニズムを調査する.
- サッカドの発生前に時間の知覚が変化しているかどうかを判断する.
- 時間の静止における空間的注意と目標の連続性の役割を探求する.
主な方法:
- 参加者は,タイムクロックに向かって,自発的にサッカディックな眼の動きを行いました.
- 時計の秒針の動きの知覚された時間が記録されました.
- 実験条件は,標的の動きと空間的注意のシフトを操作した.
主要な成果:
- クロノスタシスの錯覚は,脳がサッカディック標的の知覚を時間的に後方に拡張しているため起こります.
- この時間延長は,毎回のサッカデで起こるが,外部時間参照でしか知覚されない.
- 錯覚は空間的注意のシフトとは無関係であるが,標的の空間的連続性が破れた場合,消滅する.
結論:
- 脳は,サッカディック・シプレッション中の知覚のギャップを"埋める"ために,視覚的知覚を時間的に後方へと拡張します.
- クロノスタシスは,標的の空間的安定性を確保する知覚のメカニズムと決定的に関連しています.
- この発見は,脳が急速な眼の動きにもかかわらず,継続的な視覚体験をどのように構築するかについて光を当てています.
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