公共衛生戦略としての犯罪の抑止力
1Violence Research Group, University of Wales College of Medicine, Heath Park, CF14 4XY, Cardiff, UK. shepherdjp@cardiff.ac.uk
Lancet (London, England)
|December 1, 2001
まとめ
刑事司法における抑止力戦略,特にターゲットを絞った警察活動と定罪確実性の向上は,怪我の予防に有望であることを示しています. これらの方法は,早期教育と並行して,害を減らすために長い投獄よりも効果的です.
科学分野:
- クリミノロジー 犯罪学
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- 医学科学 医学科学 医学科学 医学科学
背景:
- 抑止力は刑事司法の重要な概念ですが,医療傷害予防におけるその応用については議論されています.
- 犯罪や健康上のリスクを通じた犯罪者の動機を理解することは,予防に不可欠です.
- 既存の研究は,犯罪に関する法律と警察の介入による健康への影響を調査しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 攻撃や怪我を防ぐための抑止戦略の有効性を評価する.
- 公共衛生上の成果のための刑事司法介入に関する証拠を統合する.
- 怪我の予防のための最適な戦略を特定する.
主な方法:
- 犯罪法が健康に及ぼす影響に関する研究のレビュー.
- マクロレベルのデータの分析と警察の介入に関する制御された実験.
- アルコールの影響で運転を抑えるための証拠の検討.
主要な成果:
- ターゲットを絞り,目に見える警察活動と刑罰の確実性の向上は,効果的な抑止力です.
- 運転者は,アルコールを飲んで運転することを止めることができます.
- 長い懲役刑と一般警察の増強は,抑止効果が限られている.
結論:
- ターゲットを絞った警察活動と高い有罪判決率は,負傷予防戦略に統合されるべきです.
- 幼児教育と家族のサポートも重要な要素です.
- 証拠は,傷害予防のための刑事司法と社会プログラムを組み合わせた多面的なアプローチを支持しています.
さらに関連する動画
関連する概念動画
International Nursing Organizations II
The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations based in Geneva. The WHO has many initiatives that center around health. Primarily, they lead global efforts to expand universal health coverage using science-based policies and programs. They are also responsible for shaping health research agendas and developing norms and standards.
The WHO provides expert team support, including funding, vaccines, testing, and treatment tools at the country level to fight...
The WHO provides expert team support, including funding, vaccines, testing, and treatment tools at the country level to fight...
Preventive Healthcare Services
Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures
Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
Standard Precaution
Standard precautions are the minimum infection control safeguards used while caring for all patients, irrespective of their disease condition. They help prevent the spread of common infectious microorganisms to healthcare workers, patients, and visitors in all healthcare settings.
Hand hygiene is the most crucial means to prevent the transmission of disease. Employers are legally required to provide their workers with personal protective equipment (PPE) to minimize exposure or contact with...
Hand hygiene is the most crucial means to prevent the transmission of disease. Employers are legally required to provide their workers with personal protective equipment (PPE) to minimize exposure or contact with...
Healthcare Agencies II
There are various healthcare agencies in the United States—some of which are managed by religious institutions and others by different government branches.
Parish nursing is a growing specialty nursing profession that focuses on holistic healthcare, health promotion, and illness prevention. It blends professional nursing practice with a health ministry, focusing on health and healing within the context of a Christian community. Parish nurses serve as health educators, referral sources, and lay...
Parish nursing is a growing specialty nursing profession that focuses on holistic healthcare, health promotion, and illness prevention. It blends professional nursing practice with a health ministry, focusing on health and healing within the context of a Christian community. Parish nurses serve as health educators, referral sources, and lay...
Principles of Disease Surveillance
Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...


