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バクテリオフィトクロームは,ビリヴェルディン染色体を用いた光染色ヒスティジンキナーゼです

S H Bhoo¹, S J Davis, J Walker

¹Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1575 Linden Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.

|December 14, 2001

まとめ

バクテリアフィトクローム (BphP) は,植物フィトクロームとは異なり,広範囲に広がる細菌の光センサーです. これらのBPHPはビリヴェルディンを使用し,ヒスティジンキナーゼと同型であり,古代の光受容体の祖先であることを示唆しています.

科学分野:

微生物学微生物学とは
バイオケミストリーバイオケミストリー
写真生物学写真生物学

背景:

フィトクロームは,植物における重要な赤/遠赤色光センサーである.
フィトクロームは以前は,光合成生物の中にしか存在しないと考えられていた.
最近の発見により,異性細菌のフィトクロームのようなタンパク質が特定されました.

研究の目的:

細菌におけるフィトクロームのようなタンパク質の性質と有病率を調査する.
これらの細菌の光受容体の生化学的性質と進化的起源を理解するために.

主な方法:

ホモロジーは,バクテリアのゲノムに含まれるフィトクロームのようなタンパク質を特定するための研究である.
タンパク質と染色体の相互作用の生化学分析.
BphPアセンブリを in vivo で調べるための遺伝子発現の研究.

主要な成果:

多種多様な細菌における広範囲に広がる細菌性多染色体 (BphP) 家族を特定した.
BPHPは2つの成分センサーヒスティジンキナーゼに同型である.
BPHPはビリヴェルディンを染色体として利用し,植物性フィトクロームとは異なり,フィトクロモビリンを使用します.
いくつかのケースでは,ビリヴェルディン合成のための特定のヘム酸素酵素は,BphP遺伝子と共に同定される.
ホロ-BphPアセンブリは,BphPアポプロテイン,ヘム源,および関連するヘム酸素酵素の共発現を通じて,in vivoで達成することができます.

結論:

バクテリオフィトクロームは,独特で古くからの光受容体の一種である.
バクテリアの広範な分布と単純な組み立てメカニズムは,BphPが植物フィトクロームの進化的前体であることを示唆しています.
BphPは光によって調節される光染色キナーゼとして機能し,光感知と細菌の細胞信号伝達を結びつける.

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