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炭酸性隕石は,初期の地球における糖類関連の有機化合物の源として使用されました
G Cooper1, N Kimmich, W Belisle
1NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035, USA. gcooper@mail.arc.nasa.gov
Nature
|January 10, 2002
まとめ
生命にとって不可欠な化合物であるポリオールは,マーチソンなどの隕石で発見されました. この発見は,これらの不可欠な分子が生命の起源のために初期の地球で利用可能であったことを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 天体生物学 アストロバイオロジー
- オーガニック・ジオケミストリー オーガニック・ジオケミストリー
- 宇宙化学 (コスモケミストリー)
背景:
- マーチソン隕石は,地球外の有機化合物の重要な参考資料である.
- アミノ酸と小惑星によって送られた他のバイオモレクルは,地球上の生命の起源を助長したかもしれない.
- ポリオール (砂糖,砂糖アルコール,砂糖酸) は,知られているすべての生命にとって不可欠ですが,その地球外の起源は確認されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 隕石におけるポリオールの存在と起源を調査する.
- 生物学的に重要な有機化合物の早期地球への配送の理解のギャップを埋めるために.
主な方法:
- マーチソン隕石とマレー隕石から抽出した水の分析.
- 光分解やホルムアルデヒド化学のような地外生命体の過程を調査する.
主要な成果:
- 様々なポリオルは,マーチソンやマレーの隕石に固有であることが判明しました.
- ポリオールの濃度は,アミノ酸の濃度と同等であった.
- 異星人の過程が,観察されたポリオールの豊富さを説明することができます.
結論:
- ポリオールは隕石に存在しており,その起源は地球外にあることを示している.
- これらの重要な化合物は,初期の地球で利用可能であった可能性が高い.
- ポリオールは,最も初期の生命形態に組み込まれていたかもしれない.
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