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精神疾患を持つ人々の殺人,自殺,その他の非自然原因による死亡:人口ベースの研究
U Hiroeh1, L Appleby, P B Mortensen
1School of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, University of Manchester, University Hospital of South Manchester, M20 8LR, Manchester, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|January 11, 2002
まとめ
精神疾患を持つ個人は,殺人,自殺,事故による死亡のリスクが高くなります. この研究は,この集団の様々な不自然な死因に対する脆弱性の増大を強調しています.
科学分野:
- 精神科医は精神病を患っている.
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
背景:
- 精神疾患は自殺リスクを大幅に高めますが,他の非自然死,特に殺人被害に関するデータは限られています.
- 公衆の認識は,しばしば,精神障害のある個人を,潜在的な被害者ではなく,暴力の加害者として焦点を当てています.
- この研究は,精神疾患を持つ個人の殺人,自殺,事故による死亡のリスクを理解する際のギャップを解決します.
研究 の 目的:
- 標準死亡率 (SMR) と,精神疾患で入院した個人の殺人,自殺,事故による死亡率の比率を計算する.
- 異なる精神医学診断における非自然な死の特定のリスクを調査する.
- 精神疾患の集団における死亡率を低減するための公衆衛生戦略を策定する.
主な方法:
- デンマーク精神病症例登録簿とデンマーク国家死因登録簿のリンクされたデータを利用した人口ベースの研究.
- 1973年から1993年の間に精神科治療を受け入れた72,208人の個人を含む.
- 1993年12月31日までの死亡率データを分析し,非自然死因に焦点を当てた.
主要な成果:
- 精神疾患を持つ人の死亡の有意な割合 (25%) は,非自然原因によるものです.
- 殺人,自殺,事故に対するSMRの上昇は,両方の性別におけるほとんどの精神病診断において観察されました.
- 統合失調症や感情的精神病などの特定の診断は,殺人リスクの増加と関連しており,アルコール依存症と薬物使用は殺人や事故,自殺のための薬物使用が最も高いリスクを示しました.
結論:
- 重度の精神疾患を含む精神障害のある個人は,殺人により死亡するリスクが大幅に増加しています.
- 自殺予防は極めて重要ですが,死亡率削減戦略は,他の非自然的な死因にも取り組まなければなりません.
- この結果は,殺人,自殺,事故のリスクを軽減するために,精神疾患を有する個人に包括的な安全と支援措置の必要性を強調しています.
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