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関連する概念動画

Magnetic Field Due To A Thin Straight Wire01:27

Magnetic Field Due To A Thin Straight Wire

Consider an infinitely long straight wire carrying a current I. The magnetic field at point P at a distance a from the origin can be calculated using the Biot-Savart law.
Magnetic Field due to Moving Charges01:25

Magnetic Field due to Moving Charges

A stationary charge creates and interacts with the electric field, while a moving charge creates a magnetic field.
Consider a point charge moving with a constant velocity. Like the electric field, the magnetic field at any point is directly proportional to the magnitude of the charge and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the source point and the field point. However, unlike the electric field, the magnetic field is always perpendicular to the plane containing the line...
Magnetic Flux01:19

Magnetic Flux

The magnetic flux measures the number of magnetic field lines passing through a given surface area. The SI unit for magnetic flux is the weber (Wb). Magnetic flux is a scalar quantity. It depends on three factors: the strength of the magnetic field B, the area through which the field lines pass, and the relative orientation of the field with the surface area.
Suppose a surface is divided into elements of area dA. For each element, the component of the magnetic field that is normal to the...
Magnetostatic Boundary Conditions01:28

Magnetostatic Boundary Conditions

An electric field suffers a discontinuity at a surface charge. Similarly, a magnetic field is discontinuous at a surface current. The perpendicular component of a magnetic field is continuous across the interface of two magnetic mediums. In contrast, its parallel component, perpendicular to the current, is discontinuous by the amount equal to the product of the vacuum permeability and the surface current. Like the scalar potential in electrostatics, the vector potential is also continuous...
Magnetic Damping01:17

Magnetic Damping

Eddy currents can produce significant drag on motion, called magnetic damping. For instance, when a metallic pendulum bob swings between the poles of a strong magnet, significant drag acts on the bob as it enters and leaves the field, quickly damping the motion.
If, however, the bob is a slotted metal plate, the magnet produces a much smaller effect. When a slotted metal plate enters the field, an emf is induced by the change in flux; however, it is less effective because the slots limit the...
Steady Flow of a Fluid Stream01:27

Steady Flow of a Fluid Stream

Consider a control volume, such as a pipe with solid boundaries, through which fluid flows and changes direction due to the impulse exerted by the resulting force from the pipe walls. In steady flow, the mass of fluid entering the control volume at a given time, t, with velocity v1, is equal to the mass leaving after infinitesimal time dt, with velocity v2.
During this process, the momentum of the fluid within the control volume remains constant over the time interval dt. By applying the...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Aqueous Droplets Used as Enzymatic Microreactors and Their Electromagnetic Actuation
08:27

Aqueous Droplets Used as Enzymatic Microreactors and Their Electromagnetic Actuation

Published on: August 28, 2017

磁場制御によるマイクロ流体輸送

Kyle M Grant1, Jared W Hemmert, Henry S White

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|January 17, 2002
PubMed
まとめ

マイクロエレクトロドの隙間で,新しい磁気水力動力 (MHD) 流が観察されました. これらの流れは,精密で長距離の分子輸送を可能にし,マイクロ流体系における応用を示唆しています.

科学分野:

  • 電気化学 電気化学について
  • 流体力学 流体力学とは
  • マグネトヒドロダイナミクス

背景:

  • マイクロ流体システムは,化学的および生物学的プロセスを正確に制御します.
  • マグネトヒドロダイナミクス (MHD) の原理は,流体の流れを操作するために活用することができます.
  • 電気化学反応は,磁場と相互作用できるイオンを生成します.

研究 の 目的:

  • 新しい磁気水力ダイナミック (MHD) 流動現象を記述する.
  • マイクロフリウイド系における電気生成物種の輸送を調査する.
  • 外部制御マイクロ流体学におけるMHDの可能性を調査する.

主な方法:

  • 均一な磁場 (1T) で2つの対面プラチナマイクロディスク電極 (250ミクロム直径) を利用する.
  • 電気生成イオンを拡散することによってロレンツ力によって生成されるMHDの流れを観察する.
  • ウルトラマイクロエレクトロド探査機を用いて,コンベクティブフルースをマッピングし,方向性輸送を実証する.

主要な成果:

  • 観測された安定した,顕微鏡のMHD流管 (約. 50ミクロムの半径) が電極の隙間を横切っている.
  • ニトロベンゼン基アニオンが微小な拡散で,マクロスケピカルな距離を移動する方向性輸送が実証された.

さらに関連する動画

Generation and Control of Electrohydrodynamic Flows in Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions
08:41

Generation and Control of Electrohydrodynamic Flows in Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions

Published on: September 7, 2018

Controlling Flow Speeds of Microtubule-Based 3D Active Fluids Using Temperature
08:04

Controlling Flow Speeds of Microtubule-Based 3D Active Fluids Using Temperature

Published on: November 26, 2019

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Aqueous Droplets Used as Enzymatic Microreactors and Their Electromagnetic Actuation
08:27

Aqueous Droplets Used as Enzymatic Microreactors and Their Electromagnetic Actuation

Published on: August 28, 2017

Generation and Control of Electrohydrodynamic Flows in Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions
08:41

Generation and Control of Electrohydrodynamic Flows in Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions

Published on: September 7, 2018

Controlling Flow Speeds of Microtubule-Based 3D Active Fluids Using Temperature
08:04

Controlling Flow Speeds of Microtubule-Based 3D Active Fluids Using Temperature

Published on: November 26, 2019

  • パルス式MHD輸送と,薄い,回転する溶液シートの形成 (約. 3cm2の面積,25ミクロムの厚さ).

    • 結論:

    • 電気化学的方法とMHDの原理を組み合わせて,外部からフィールド制御された微流体系を作成することができます.
    • MHD駆動の流れは,電気生成された種の効率的な長距離輸送を可能にします.
    • これらの発見は,様々な科学分野における高度な微流体学的応用への道を開く.