昆虫の集団における性別間の敵対的な共進化
1Department of Animal Ecology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, University of Uppsala, Norbyvägen 18d, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. Goran.Arnqvist@ebc.uu.se
Nature
|February 15, 2002
まとめ
ウォーターストリッダーにおける性的な軍拡競争は,エスカレーションだけでなく,男性と女性の特徴のバランスの変化が,交配の相互作用における進化的結果を導くことを示しています.
科学分野:
- 進化生物学の進化生物学について
- 行動生態学は,行動生態学である.
- 性選択性選択性選択とは
背景:
- 性別間の共進化的"軍拡競争"は,適応が対適応によってマスクされる進化の停滞につながる可能性があります.
- 隠された性的軍拡競争の自然の例は稀であり,経験的研究が困難である.
研究 の 目的:
- 男性と女性の"武装" (形態学的特徴) が,水中歩行者の対抗性交配相互作用に与える影響を調査する.
- 軍拡拡大のレベルや男女間の軍備のバランスが相互作用の結果の進化的変化を誘発するかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- 15種の水中歩行動物における男性と女性のクランプ/アンチクランプの形態の比較分析.
- 交配率に対する軍備の拡大と性間のバランスの独立効果の実験的評価.
主要な成果:
- 性別の間の武器のバランスの進化的シフトは,エスカレーションの全体的なレベルではなく,交配の相互作用の結果の変化と相関しています.
- 男性と女性の特徴の大きさの不均衡は,性的に敵対的な相互作用の結果に大きな影響を与えました.
結論:
- 性特性のバランスは,エスカレーションの強度だけでなく,性的に敵対的な相互作用における進化的変化の主要な原動力です.
- ウォーター・ストライダー交配システムは,性間の対立における進化の軌道を,性間の特徴のダイナミクスがどのように形づくるかを理解するためのモデルを提供します.
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