肺がん,心肺疾患の死亡率,そして細粒子の空気汚染への長期的曝露
C Arden Pope1, Richard T Burnett, Michael J Thun
1Department of Economics, Brigham Young University, 142 FOB, Provo, UT 84602, USA. cap3@email.byu.edu
JAMA
|March 7, 2002
まとめ
細粒子の大気汚染に長期的に曝露すると,肺がんや心肺疾患による死亡リスクが著しく増加します. この環境リスクファクターは,空気の質が健康に及ぼす影響を強調しています.
科学分野:
- 環境衛生 環境衛生 環境衛生
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
背景:
- 微粒子の大気汚染は,心肺疾患による死亡率を含む健康への悪影響と関連しています.
- 空気汚染の長期的影響に関する以前の研究は,決定的な結果を出していない.
研究 の 目的:
- 細粒子の大気汚染と死亡率との間の長期的曝露との関連性を調査する.
- すべての原因,肺がん,心肺疾患による死亡率のリスクを評価する.
主な方法:
- アメリカがん学会 (American Cancer Society's Cancer Prevention II) の予期的な死亡率研究から得られたデータを活用した. 1982年には120万人の成人が入学した).
- 約50万人の成人の個別のリスク因子データ (アンケートに基づく) と,米国大都市圏の大気汚染データとをリンクした.
- 1998年12月31日までの生命状態と死亡原因に関する情報と組み合わせたデータ.
主要な成果:
- 微粒子や硫黄酸化物の汚染は,全原因,肺がん,心肺疾患による死亡率の増加と相関しています.
- 微細粒子の大気汚染が10μg/m3増加すると,全因性,心肺がん,肺がんによる死亡率がそれぞれ4%,6%,8%増加した.
- 粗粒子の分数と総 suspended particlesは,一貫した死亡率関連性を示さなかった.
結論:
- 燃焼に関連する細粒子の大気汚染に長期にわたる曝露は,重要な環境リスク要因です.
- この暴露は,心肺疾患と肺がんによる死亡率の増加と関連しています.
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