ヨーロッパにおける伝染病の課題への対応
Laura MacLehose1, Martin McKee, Julius Weinberg
1European Observatory on Health Care Systems, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 16, 2002
まとめ
欧州の伝染病の監視は,新規および再発生する感染症による変化する課題に直面しています. ネットワークアプローチの強化と管理上の問題への対処は,将来の準備に不可欠です.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 感染症 感染症は感染症です.
背景:
- ヨーロッパにおける伝染病のコントロールは,発生し,再発生する伝染病により,軽微な脅威から主要な焦点へと移行した.
- ネットワークアプローチによる国際的な協力は,アウトブレイクを検出する上で成功を示しているが,未解決の管理と資金調達の問題に直面している.
研究 の 目的:
- ヨーロッパにおける伝染病の監視と制御の発展状況を分析する.
- ヨーロッパおよび周辺地域における監視に関する課題と革新的な戦略を特定する.
主な方法:
- 伝染病の脅威における歴史的傾向の見直し.
- 病気の監視のための欧州ネットワークアプローチの有効性の分析.
- 欧州連合 (EU) 以外の監視における課題の検討,特に中央・東ヨーロッパと旧ソ連.
主要な成果:
- 新しい感染症の出現と古い感染症の再出現は,欧州の監視に新たな焦点を当てることを必要としています.
- ネットワークアプローチはアウトブレイク検出に役立ちますが,管理と資金は依然として大きな障害となっています.
- 経済・政治的変化により,欧州連合以外の国における監視に新たな課題が生じています.
結論:
- 欧州における伝染病の効果的な監視には,既存のネットワーク内の未解決の管理と資金調達の問題に取り組む必要がある.
- 中東ヨーロッパと旧ソビエト連邦では,革新的な監視制度が開発され,実施されています.
- 将来の欧州の監視能力は,現在および新興の感染症の脅威に対応するために適応可能でなければならない.
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