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マントファスマトデア (Mantophasmatodea):アフリカ熱帯に生息する昆虫の新種
Klaus-D Klass1, Oliver Zompro, Niels P Kristensen
1Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. klass@snsd.de
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 20, 2002
まとめ
新しい昆虫系であるマントファスマトデア (Mantophasmatodea) が発見され,1914年以来初の置換不可能な分類を代表しています. この発見は,昆虫の生物多様性や進化史についての理解を広げています.
科学分野:
- エントモロジー エントモロジー学
- 昆虫の分類 昆虫の分類とは
- 進化生物学の進化生物学について
背景:
- 昆虫の分類は,確立された順序に依存し,新しい発見は,しばしば既存のグループに適合します.
- 既知の分類に属さない分類の発見は稀であり,昆虫の進化を理解する上で重要なものである.
研究 の 目的:
- ミュージアムの標本に基づいた,新しい昆虫系,マントファスマトデア (Mantophasmatodea) を記述する.
- 昆虫のクラス内のこの新しい秩序の系統的配置を決定する.
主な方法:
- 博物館の標本の形態学的分析により,マントファスマ・ゼフィラとM. subsolana. の2つの種を含む新しい属が発見されました.
- 現存する昆虫群,特にグリロブラトドエア (Grylloblattodea) とファスマトドエア (Phasmatodea) との比較分析を行い,系統遺伝的関係を推論する.
主要な成果:
- マントファスマトーデア (Mantophasmatodea) の説明は,無翼の肉食昆虫の新種である.
- マントファズマ・ゼフィラ (ナミビアの雌) とM.サブソラナ (タンザニアの雄) をタイプ種として特定.
- 化石属ラプトファスマをバルト海の珀からマントファスマトデアに分類し,より広範な歴史的分布を示している.
結論:
- マントファスマトデアは,昆虫分類に重要な追加を代表し,1914年以降に記述された最初の置換不可能な現存の分類である.
- マントファスマトデアのグリロブラトデアとファスマトデアとの系統遺伝的関係は,現在,形態学的証拠に基づいて曖昧である.
- 化石分類の含有により,マントファスマトディアの系統は,これまで認識されていたよりも,より深い進化の歴史を持つことを示唆しています.
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