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Updated: Aug 1, 2026

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An Experimental Paradigm for the Prediction of Post-Operative Pain (PPOP)
Published on: January 27, 2010
外周麻酔と鎮痛,大手術の結果:ランダム化試験
John R A Rigg1, Konrad Jamrozik, Paul S Myles
1Department of Public Health, University of Western Australia, Western, Crawley, Australia. john.rigg@sjog.org.au
Lancet (London, England)
|April 20, 2002
まとめ
一般麻酔と併用された外周麻酔は,高リスク手術患者の全体的な有害な結果を有意に減少させませんでした. しかし,呼吸不全率を低下させ,痛みの管理を改善し,一部の患者にとって有益であることを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- アネステシオロジー アネステシオロジー
- 外科手術の結果について
- クリティカルケア・メディシン
背景:
- エピデュラルブロックは,大きな腹部外科手術の一般的な鎮痛技術です.
- 高リスクの外科手術の患者に epidural block のリスクと利益に関する不確実性があります.
- 多中心のランダム化試験は,複雑な麻酔戦略の評価に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- エピデュラルブロックを用いた大きな腹腔外科手術を受ける高リスク患者の有害なアウトカムを,代替的鎮痛療法と比較するために.
- 高リスクの手術患者集団における外周麻酔と全身麻酔の組み合わせの有効性と安全性を評価する.
- 術後の罹病率と死亡率に対する外周麻酔の影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- 大規模な腹部手術を受ける高リスク患者915人を対象とした多センターランダム化試験.
- 患者は,外科内外麻酔と,全身麻酔による72時間の術後の外側麻酔,または対照群に割り当てられました.
- 主要エンドポイントは,治療の意図によって分析された30日間の死亡率または主要な術後罹患率でした.
主要な成果:
- 末治療群 (57.1%) と対照群 (60.7%) の間では,死亡または重症疾患の複合エンドポイントにおいて有意な差異はなかった.
- 30日間の死亡率は低かったが,両グループでほぼ同じであった (5.1% epidural vs. 4.3% control).
- エピデュラルの技術は,呼吸不全の有意な減少 (23%対30%) と,手術後の痛みのスコアの改善と関連していました.
結論:
- 外周麻酔と全身麻酔の併用と術後の外周麻酔の鎮痛療法は,高リスクの手術患者のほとんどの不良結果を軽減しませんでした.
- 呼吸機能不全の減少と鎮痛効果の改善は,特定の高リスク患者グループに潜在的な利点があることを示唆しています.
- エピデュラルカテーテル挿入に関連する重篤な有害事象の発生率が低いことは,この集団における安全性を支持しています.
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