岩石の潮間コミュニティにおける生産のトロフィック制御
1Department of Zoology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1800, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 27, 2002
まとめ
低潮間帯の草食動物を減少させることで,一年生藻類が優勢で,一次生産が増加しました. 消費者が操作された場合,生物多様性は生産を大幅に増加させなかった.
科学分野:
- 海洋生態学 海洋生態学とは
- 藻類生態学 藻類生態学とは
- コミュニティエコロジー
背景:
- 初次生産は,海洋生態系にとって極めて重要です.
- 消費者と資源の相互作用がコミュニティの構造を形作る.
- 生態系の機能における生物多様性の役割が議論されている.
研究 の 目的:
- 低潮間地帯における初等生産に対する消費者操作の影響を調査する.
- 種豊かさと年産の関係を見極めるために.
- 藻類のコミュニティダイナミクスに対する草食性の影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- 低潮間帯の牧草集団を操作するフィールド実験.
- 7年間,一次生産と種の構成をモニタリングする.
- 操作された土地とコントロールされた土地の生産率を比較する.
主要な成果:
- 初次生産は,牧草圧によって著しく変動し,湿気量/m2/年 86 kg まで達した.
- 草食性の減少により,一年生の藻類アラーリア・マージナータが優位になった.
- 種多様性の増加は,有意な追加生産をもたらさなかった.
結論:
- 種の豊かさではなく,消費者の圧力が,このシステムにおける一次生産の主要な原動力である.
- 競争力のある優れた種は,自然の敵が除去されたときに支配することができます.
- 消費者が少ないシステムからの生物多様性に関する生態学的な理論は,海洋環境に適用されない場合があります.
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