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¹H NMR: Complex Splitting01:13

¹H NMR: Complex Splitting

A proton M that is coupled to a proton X results in doublet signals for M. However, NMR-active nuclei can be simultaneously coupled to more than one nonequivalent nucleus. When M is coupled to a second proton A, such as in styrene oxide, each peak in the doublet is split into another doublet.
Splitting diagrams or splitting tree diagrams are routinely used to depict such complex couplings. While drawing splitting diagrams, the splitting with the larger coupling constant is usually applied first.
¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals01:02

¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals

Spin systems where the difference in chemical shifts of the coupled nuclei is greater than ten times J are called first-order spin systems. These nuclei are weakly coupled, and their chemical shifts and coupling constant can generally be estimated from the well-separated signals in the spectrum.
As Δν decreases and the signals move closer, the doublets appear increasingly distorted. The intensities of the inner lines increase at the cost of those of the outer lines as the signals are slanted or...
NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling01:08

NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling

The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved in...
¹H NMR Signal Multiplicity: Splitting Patterns01:13

¹H NMR Signal Multiplicity: Splitting Patterns

When protons A and X are coupled, their nuclear spin energy levels are slightly modified. This is because the energy required to excite proton A to a spin state parallel to proton X is slightly different from the energy required for it to become anti-parallel to spin X. Consequently, there are two possible excitation frequencies for A (A1 and A2), depending on the spin state of X, and vice versa. The mutual nature of coupling implies that the difference between frequencies A1 and A2, indicated...
Interpreting ¹H NMR Signal Splitting: The (n + 1) Rule01:10

Interpreting ¹H NMR Signal Splitting: The (n + 1) Rule

In the AX proton spin system, proton A can sense the two spin states of a coupled proton X, resulting in a doublet NMR signal with two peaks of equal (1:1) intensity. When proton A is coupled to two equivalent protons (AX2 spin system), the spin states of each X can be aligned with or against the external field, creating three possible scenarios. This results in a 1:2:1  triplet signal, where the central peak corresponds to the chemical shift of A and is twice as large or intense as the others.
Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jul 23, 2026

Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
14:55

Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Published on: September 17, 2017

核四極結合定数をRAPT固体NMRスペクトロスコピーで決定するための簡単な技術.

Subramanian Prasad1, Hyung-Tae Kwak, Ted Clark

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Ohio State University, 120 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|May 2, 2002
PubMed
まとめ

新しいローター・アシスト・ポピュレーション・トランスファー (RAPT) メソッドは,半整数の核の核四極結合定数を測定する高速な方法を提供します. このテクニックは,ルビジア-87とアルミニウム-27.7で成功裏に実証されました.

さらに関連する動画

Measuring Interactions of Globular and Filamentous Proteins by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR) and Microscale Thermophoresis (MST)
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Measuring Interactions of Globular and Filamentous Proteins by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR) and Microscale Thermophoresis (MST)

Published on: November 2, 2018

NMR 15N Relaxation Experiments for the Investigation of Picosecond to Nanoseconds Structural Dynamics of Proteins
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NMR 15N Relaxation Experiments for the Investigation of Picosecond to Nanoseconds Structural Dynamics of Proteins

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Last Updated: Jul 23, 2026

Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
14:55

Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Published on: September 17, 2017

Measuring Interactions of Globular and Filamentous Proteins by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR) and Microscale Thermophoresis (MST)
10:28

Measuring Interactions of Globular and Filamentous Proteins by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR) and Microscale Thermophoresis (MST)

Published on: November 2, 2018

NMR 15N Relaxation Experiments for the Investigation of Picosecond to Nanoseconds Structural Dynamics of Proteins
09:25

NMR 15N Relaxation Experiments for the Investigation of Picosecond to Nanoseconds Structural Dynamics of Proteins

Published on: November 1, 2024

科学分野:

  • 核磁共振 (NMR) スペクトロスコピー
  • 固体化学 固体化学
  • 量子情報科学とは,量子情報科学である.

背景:

  • 核四極結合は,固体における局所電子環境を理解するための重要なパラメータである.
  • 四極結合定数の正確な測定は,材料の特徴化と量子応用において極めて重要です.
  • 四極結合定数を測定するための既存の方法は,時間がかかり,または特殊な機器を必要とします.

研究 の 目的:

  • 核四極結合定数の効率的な測定のための強化されたロータアシスト人口移動 (RAPT) 実験を提示する.
  • 半整数四極核に対する強化RAPT配列の有用性を実証する.
  • 選択的共振抑制におけるRAPTの応用を探求する.

主な方法:

  • オフレゾナント周波数で交替するガウスパルス列を利用した強化されたRAPTパルスシーケンスの開発.
  • 強化されたRAPT配列の適用により,スピン-3/2 (87Rb) とスピン-5/2 (27Al) 原子核の四極結合定数を測定する.
  • 提案されたRAPTメソッドのシミュレーションと実験的検証.

主要な成果:

  • 強化されたRAPT実験は,核四極結合定数を決定するためのシンプルで迅速な方法を提供します.
  • 87Rbと27Alの原子核の正確な測定結果が得られ,その技術が検証されました.
  • RAPT配列は,その四極結合定数の大きさに基づいて,共鳴を選択的に抑制する効果を示した.

結論:

  • 強化されたRAPT技術は,半整数の四極核における核四極結合定数を迅速かつ正確に決定するための貴重なツールです.
  • この方法は,四極核のNMR研究を簡素化し,材料科学や量子コンピューティングに潜在的応用がある.
  • RAPT配列は,定量的な測定と選択的スペクトル編集の両方に多用途なアプローチを提供します.