編集のピアレビューの効果:体系的なレビュー
Tom Jefferson1, Philip Alderson, Elizabeth Wager
1Health Reviews Ltd., Rome, Italy. toj1@aol.com
JAMA
|June 1, 2002
まとめ
編集のピアレビューは広く使用されていますが,その有効性の確固たる証拠はありません. 研究は,品質,読みやすさ,バイアスへの影響について,さまざまな結果を示しており,その影響は依然として不確実であることを示しています.
科学分野:
- バイオメディカル・パブリッシング
- 科学的コミュニケーション 科学的コミュニケーション
背景:
- 編集のピアレビューは,ジャーナル出版の標準的な慣行です.
- その推定される利点は,公表された研究の有用性を向上させることである.
研究 の 目的:
- 生物医学雑誌における編集者のピアレビューの影響に関する証拠を合成する.
- 様々なピアレビューの段階と方法の影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- データベースを徹底的に検索し,専門団体に連絡を取った.
- 混同要因を制御する試みによる19の比較研究を特定し,レビューした.
- 試験設計と結果の異質性により,結果をまとめたわけではない.
主要な成果:
- 査読者/著者の盲目化に関する証拠は不確定であり,いくつかの研究は肯定的な効果を示唆しているが,方法論的な制限に直面している.
- チェックリストは,報告書の質を向上させる点で異なった結果を示した.
- 研修審査員は一貫してパフォーマンスを向上させなかったし,コミュニケーション方法も品質に実証的な影響を与えない.
- いくつかの研究では,ピアレビューが読解性と報告の質を向上させることを示しているが,一般化性は限られている.
結論:
- 編集のピアレビューは広く採用されているが,ほとんど検証されていないプロセスです.
- 科学出版物に対する編集のピアレビューの実際の影響は不明である.
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