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米国の法的原則とピアレビュープロセスの機密性
Debra M Parrish1, David E Bruns
1University of Pittsburgh Program Teching Survival Skills and Ethics for Scientists, PA, USA.
JAMA
|June 1, 2002
まとめ
ジャーナルは,秘密のピアレビュー文書の法的要求にしばしば直面する. 法的保護と戦略的対応は,ジャーナルがピアレビュープロセスの完全性を保護するのに役立ちます.
科学分野:
- 学術出版は学術的な出版である.
- 科学的コミュニケーションの法的側面
背景:
- ジャーナルは,秘密のピアレビュー資料の法的要求や召喚状に頻繁に遭遇します.
- これらの要求は,ジャーナルが外部訴訟や調査に巻き込まれるときに発生します.
研究 の 目的:
- ピアレビュー文書の要求の背後にある理由を概説する.
- ジャーナルが公表に抵抗する理由を説明し,その対応戦略を詳細に説明する.
- ジャーナルの機密性の侵害を最小限に抑えるための措置を提供すること.
主な方法:
- 米国における開示への抵抗を支える法的原則に関する議論.
- ジャーナルのピアレビューの機密性を肯定する関連する判例の分析.
- ジャーナリストや学者の特権などの法的保護の検討.
主要な成果:
- 裁判所は歴史的に,ジャーナルが実施するピアレビュープロセスの機密性を維持してきました.
- ジャーナリストの特権,学者の特権,手続き規則などの法的原則は,開示に抵抗するために訴えることができます.
- ジャーナルは,秘密のピアレビュー手順を保護するために,積極的な措置を講じることができます.
結論:
- ジャーナルは,秘密のピアレビュー文書の要求に抵抗する法的根拠を持っています.
- 法的特権と手続き規則の理解と適用は,ピアレビューの機密性の保護に不可欠です.
- 積極的な対策は,敏感なジャーナルプロセスへの第三者のアクセスに関連するリスクを効果的に最小限に抑えることができます.
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