高緯度植物の緑化傾向とピナトゥボ効果の気候制御
Wolfgang Lucht1, I Colin Prentice, Ranga B Myneni
1Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Post Office Box 601203, D-14412 Potsdam, Germany. Wolfgang.Lucht@pik-potsdam.de
まとめ
植生モデルでは,高北緯度の緑化が温度変化によって引き起こされていることが示されています. このモデルは,ピナトゥボ山噴火の後に一時的な冷却による減少も予測しています.
科学分野:
- 地球システム科学 地球システム科学
- エコロジー エコロジー エコロジー
- 気候科学 気候科学
背景:
- 衛星観測によると,北緯度の高い地域では,過去20年間にわたって緑化傾向が見られた.
- 1991年のピナトゥボ山噴火は,地球を大幅に冷却し,生態系に影響を与えた.
研究 の 目的:
- 植生ダイナミクスの生地化学モデルを開発し,検証する.
- 火山噴火を含む気候の変動が,高緯度の植生に与える影響を調査する.
- 観測された緑化傾向と噴火後の植生の変化の要因を理解する.
主な方法:
- 植物の生地化学モデルを利用した.
- 温度と噴火後の冷却を含む観測された気候データを含みます.
- モデル予測と衛星観測の植生傾向を比較した.
主要な成果:
- このモデルは,北緯度の高い地域での緑化傾向をうまく予測した.
- モデルシミュレーションでは,主に温度変化によって引き起こされる,早めの春芽と葉の面積の増加を再現しました.
- 1992年から1993年にかけて,ピナトゥボ山噴火の冷却効果と一致する,植生成長の顕著な挫折がシミュレートされました.
- ヘテロトロフ呼吸と純一次生産の異なる反応は,高緯度CO2の吸収に影響を及ぼすと予測された.
結論:
- 温度に対する生地化学的植物の反応は,高緯度の緑化の主な原動力である.
- 火山の噴火は,一時的な冷却によって,植生傾向に顕著で観察可能な挫折を引き起こす可能性があります.
- このモデルは,北部の生態系における気候,植生,炭素循環の複雑な相互作用についての洞察を提供します.
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