イギリスの植物の花開の時期の急速な変化
1Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK. ahf1@york.ac.uk
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 1, 2002
まとめ
イギリスの植物の開花時期は著しく進んでおり,多くの種が気候変動により早く開花しています. この傾向は,温暖化が植物現象学に与える影響を強調しています.
科学分野:
- エコロジー エコロジー エコロジー
- フェノロジー (Phenology) フェノロジー (Phenology) とは,表象学 (Phenology) に基づいている.
- 気候変動 生物学
背景:
- 植物現象学,特に最初の開花時期は,環境変化の敏感な指標です.
- 以前の研究では,開花時期の変化が示唆されていましたが,長期的な大規模なデータは,堅固な結論のために不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- イギリスの植物種における最初の開花時期の進捗を,過去数十年にわたって調査する.
- 花開時間の変化の程度を定量化し,種特有の反応に影響を与える要因を特定する.
主な方法:
- イギリスの385種の植物の最初の開花日を数十年に渡って分析した.
- 1990年代と前40年の開花期を統計的に比較する.
- 早期または遅い開花傾向を示す種を特定する.
主要な成果:
- 過去10年間で平均最初の開花日が前4年と比較して4.5日前に進んだ.
- 種の16%が1990年代にはかなり早く開花した (平均15日/十年).
- 10種 (3%) は1990年代には花期がかなり遅かった.
結論:
- 観察された開花日数の進歩は,これまでのところ,気候変動の最も強力な生物学的信号を表しています.
- 咲く時期は,前月の気温に非常に敏感であり,特に春季開花種の場合は特にそうである.
- 温暖化への開花反応の種間差異は,植物コミュニティの構造と遺伝子フローに影響を及ぼします.
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