ホストによって引き起こされるコレラバクテリアの伝染病の拡散
D Scott Merrell1, Susan M Butler, Firdausi Qadri
1Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA.
Nature
|June 7, 2002
まとめ
人間の植民地化は,Vibrio choleraeを超伝染状態に変えており,コレラ流行を誘発する可能性がある. 便のサンプルで観察されたこの細菌の適応は,胃酸性とは関係なく,病気の急速な広がりを説明します.
科学分野:
- 微生物学 微生物学とは
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 感染症 感染症は感染症です.
背景:
- 疫病中の病原体伝播を促す要因は不明である.
- コレラは水媒介性下痢性疾患で,急速に広がりますが,胃酸バッファリングなしでは,インビトロ感染は困難です.
- コレラの流行拡大における胃酸の役割は十分に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- Vibrio choleraeの流行の蔓延に寄与する要因を調査する.
- ヒトの植民地化と拡散中のV. choleraeの生理学的状態を特徴づける.
- 人間の植民が,高感染性の細菌状態を誘発するかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- 人間の糞便サンプルから分離されたVibrio choleraeの特徴.
- 遺伝子発現パターンを分析するためにV. choleraeの転写プロファイリング.
- バクテリアの状態の比較 in vitro vs. in vivo (人間の便).
主要な成果:
- 人間の便から採取したビブリオ・コレラ菌は,独特の超伝染状態を示しています.
- この状態は,栄養素獲得と運動性遺伝子の高い発現によって特徴付けられます.
- バクテリアのケモタキシス遺伝子の低発現は,便から派生したV. cholerae.で観察されました.
結論:
- 人間による植民地化は,V. choleraeの超感染状態を誘発する.
- この適応性の高い細菌の状態は,コレラ流行の蔓延における重要な要因かもしれない.
- 胃酸は,コレラの急速な伝播を促す主な要因ではないかもしれません.
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