関連する実験動画
Updated: Jul 18, 2026
12:31
Construction of Synthetic Phage Displayed Fab Library with Tailored Diversity
Published on: May 1, 2018
Tech.Sight.Tech.Sight.Tech.Sight.Tech.Sight.Sight.Tech.Sight.Tech.Sight.Sight.Tech.Sight.Sight.Tech.Sight.Tech.Sight.
1Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. paulw@scripps.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 22, 2002
まとめ
触媒抗体は強力な生物触媒であり,複雑な化学反応を可能にします. 最近の発見は,すべての抗体が1O2*を過酸化水素 (H2O2) に変換する固有の能力を有していることを明らかにし,免疫系における古代の役割を示唆しています.
科学分野:
- バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- カタリシス カタリシス カタリシス
背景:
- 触媒抗体は,高度に特異的で選択的な生物触媒である.
- 抗体工学は,難しい化学反応の触媒を可能にします.
- 最近の研究では,抗体のこれまで認識されていない内在の触媒機能が示唆されています.
研究 の 目的:
- 抗体の内在的な触媒活性を調べる.
- 1O2*を抗体によってH2O2に変換する過程を研究する.
- 抗体触媒の進化的起源を理解するために.
主な方法:
- 様々なテクニックを用いて免疫レパートリーを検知する.
- 抗体の触媒活性を特徴づける.
- 抗体触媒反応の構造的基礎を調査する.
主要な成果:
- 抗体は,触媒反応において高い基板特異性と選択性を示しています.
- 抗体の新しい内在的触媒機能が特定されました: 1O2*をH2O2.2に変換します.
- この触媒的活動は,免疫グロブリン構造に固有のようです.
結論:
- すべての抗体は,これまで未知の触媒的機能を有し,1O2*をH2O2.2に変換する.
- この内在的な触媒能力は,免疫システムの新しい"化学的腕"を示唆しています.
- 触媒抗体の進化は,それらの合理的な設計より前のもので,長年の生物学的役割を示している.
関連する概念動画
01:10Antibody Structure
Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
02:26Defenses Against Pathogens and Herbivores
Plants present a rich source of nutrients for many organisms, making it a target for herbivores and infectious agents. Plants, though lacking a proper immune system, have developed an array of constitutive and inducible defenses to fend off these attacks.
01:31Hybridoma Technology
Hybridoma technology is used for the large-scale production of monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies bind to only a single antigenic determinant or epitope. Such antibodies are used in research, diagnostics, and disease therapy. The hybridoma technology established in 1975 by Georges Köhler and Cesar Milstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1984 for revolutionizing research and therapy.
Hybridoma Selection
Commonly used fusion techniques — electroporation, polyethylene glycol...
Hybridoma Selection
Commonly used fusion techniques — electroporation, polyethylene glycol...
01:26Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity
An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.
01:29Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens
The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
01:26Human Virome
The human body harbors a vast and diverse viral community known as the human virome. The virome includes bacteriophages that infect bacteria, and eukaryotic viruses that infect human cells. Transient dietary and environmental viruses also contribute to this dynamic ecosystem. Estimates suggest the human body may contain on the order of 10¹³ viral particles, though abundance varies widely by body site and detection method.Comprehensive characterization of the virome has become possible only with...