神経性障害における人格状態の変化
Helen Seivewright1, Peter Tyrer, Tony Johnson
1Department of Public Mental Health, Imperial College of Science, Technology, and Medicine and Medical Research Council Unit, Cambridge, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|July 10, 2002
まとめ
人格の特徴は,一般的な仮定に反して,時間の経過とともに大きく変化することがあります. この研究では,華々しい人格の特徴は減少し,不安やエキセントリックな特徴は12年以上にわたって増加したことがわかりました.
科学分野:
- 精神科医は精神病を患っている.
- 心理学 心理学とは
- 縦断的な研究について
背景:
- パーソナリティ障害は,時間の経過とともに安定していると考えられることが多い.
- 以前の研究では,神経性障害の患者における長期的な人格変化が十分に記録されていない.
研究 の 目的:
- 定義された神経性障害を持つ患者のパーソナリティの変化を12年間の期間で評価するために.
- 精神病患者集団における人格の安定性に関する仮定に異議を唱える.
主な方法:
- DSM-III 神経障害を有する178人の患者 (202人) の長期的評価.
- パーソナリティア・アセスメント・スケジュールを利用し,12年後に再評価を行った.
- ベースラインのパーソナリティステータスと12年間のフォローアップデータを比較した.
主要な成果:
- クラスターB (熱狂的) 人格特質 (反社会的,ヒストリー的) の顕著な減少.
- クラスターA (奇妙でエキセントリック) とクラスターC (不安で恐ろしく) の人格特性の顕著な増加.
- ベースラインと12年後のパーソナリティ・クラスターの間の貧弱な合意 (kappa=0.14) は,実質的な変化を示した.
結論:
- パーソナリティの特徴は時間の経過とともにほとんど不変であるという仮定は,これらの発見によって異議を唱える.
- 神経障害のある人の人格特性は,12年以内に大きく変化します.
- 治療と時間は,特定のパーソナリティ・クラスタの表現に影響するようです.
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