モデル州緊急医療権限法:バイオテロリズムと自然発生の感染症に対する計画と対応
Lawrence O Gostin1, Jason W Sapsin, Stephen P Teret
1Center for Law and the Public's Health, Georgetown University, 600 New Jersey Ave NW, Washington, DC 20001, USA. gostin@law.georgetown.edu
JAMA
|August 2, 2002
まとめ
モデル州緊急医療権限法 (MSEHPA) は,時代遅れの法律に対処し,公衆衛生上の緊急事態のための近代的な法的手段を提供します. 公共の安全と個人の権利のバランスをとって,より良い準備と対応を図る.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生法 公衆衛生法 公衆衛生法
- 緊急事態への備えについて
- バイオセキュリティーについて
背景:
- 現在の州の公衆衛生法は,バイオテロリズムやパンデミックなどの現代の脅威に対して時代遅れで,不一致で,不十分であることが多い.
- これらの法律は,公衆衛生科学や憲法法における重要な進歩より頻繁に先行しています.
- 効果的な公衆衛生上の緊急事態管理のために,更新された法的枠組みの必要性は極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 公共衛生上の緊急事態のための包括的な法的枠組みとして,国家緊急医療権限法 (MSEHPA) のモデルを導入する.
- 健康上の脅威を検知し,抑えるために必要な権限を国家主体に与える.
- 公衆衛生に関する法律が近代化され,一貫性があり,効果的であることを保証する.
主な方法:
- ジョージタウン大学とジョンズ・ホプキンス大学の法律専門家によるMSEHPAの起草.
- この法律は,準備,監視,財産管理,人身保護,コミュニケーションの5つの主要な公衆衛生機能に基いて構成されています.
- 緊急事態の権限内で個人の権利を保護するための近代化された原則を組み込む.
主要な成果:
- MSEHPAは,公衆衛生の準備と対応のための構造化された法的基盤を提供します.
- 緊急事態における監視,資源管理,保護措置に関する具体的な権限を概説しています.
- この法律には,公衆衛生のニーズと個人の自由と正義のバランスをとるための規定が含まれています.
結論:
- MSEHPAは,州レベルの公衆衛生上の緊急事態への備えを強化するための重要なツールとして機能します.
- 生物テロリズムや病気の発生に効果的に対応するためには,公衆衛生法の近代化が不可欠です.
- 憲法民主主義は,集団安全保障と個人の権利と尊厳のバランスをとる必要がある.
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