どこにでも存在するSAR11海洋細菌プランクトンクラドの栽培
Michael S Rappé1, Stephanie A Connon, Kevin L Vergin
1Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA.
Nature
|August 9, 2002
まとめ
科学者たちは,これまで培養されなかった,いたるところに存在する海洋微生物であるSAR11細菌を成功裏に培養しました. この画期的な発見により,これらの豊富で,それでも難解な海洋微生物のさらなる研究が可能になりました.
科学分野:
- 微生物学 微生物学とは
- マリン・バイオロジー マリン・バイオロジー
- ゲノミクスゲノミクスとは
背景:
- アルファ-プロテオバクテリア系であるSAR11クラードは,海洋細菌プランクトンコミュニティの支配的な構成要素です.
- どこにでも存在しているにもかかわらず,SAR11は伝統的な方法を使用して培養できず,その生態学的役割に関する研究を妨げています.
- 培養から独立した調査によると,SAR11は海水で確認されたrRNA遺伝子の有意な部分 (26%) を含んでいる.
研究 の 目的:
- SAR11 cladeの代表者を隔離して栽培する.
- この豊富な海洋微生物の培養という長年の課題を克服するために.
- SAR11の生理学と地化学に関する将来の研究を可能にするために.
主な方法:
- 細胞培養物の高通量隔離.
- 自然の微生物のコミュニティを栄養価が低い媒介に薄くする.
- 単離物の成功的な培養,通過,冷凍保存.
主要な成果:
- SAR11の代表者の18の培養物が得られた.
- 11の文化が成功裏に通過し,冷凍保存されました.
- 隔離されたSAR11細胞は,約0.01μm3.3の体積で,最も小さな自由な細胞の1つです.
結論:
- SAR11の成功栽培は,この生態学的に重要な海洋群を研究するための新しい道を開きます.
- この成果により,研究者は,詳細な生理学的および代謝学的調査のための実行可能な培養物を得ることができます.
- これらの小さな細胞の分離は,オリゴトロフな海洋環境における微生物の生命の理解に貢献します.
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