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医療コミュニケーションにおける医師のジェンダーの影響:メタ分析的レビュー
Debra L Roter1, Judith A Hall, Yutaka Aoki
1Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 624 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. droter@jhsph.edu
JAMA
|August 10, 2002
まとめ
女性医師は,より患者中心のコミュニケーションをとり,男性医師よりも長い訪問をします. この研究では,医療実践における医師のジェンダーコミュニケーションパターンを体系的に検討した.
科学分野:
- 医療コミュニケーションについて
- 医者と医師の関係
- 医学におけるジェンダー研究
背景:
- 医師の性別は,医療実践における人際的ダイナミクスに影響を与える可能性があります.
- 医師のジェンダーとコミュニケーションに関する以前の研究は,少量のサンプルと矛盾する結果によって制限されています.
研究 の 目的:
- 医師の診察中に医師の性別がコミュニケーションに与える影響を体系的に検討し,定量化する.
主な方法:
- オンラインデータベース (1967-2001) と参照リストの包括的な検索.
- 23の観察研究と3つの大規模な医師報告研究が含まれています.
- コエンのdと効果サイズを用いた定量データ抽出と分析.
主要な成果:
- 女性の医師は,より積極的なパートナーシップ行動,ポジティブな会話,心理社会的カウンセリング,感情に焦点を当てたコミュニケーションを示しています.
- 女性医師の診察は,男性医師の診察よりも平均して10%長くなります.
- 生物医学情報交換や社会的な会話において,有意な性別差は見つかりませんでした.
結論:
- 女性プライマリケア医師は,男性医師と比較して,より患者中心のコミュニケーションとより長い訪問期間を示しています.
- 実践パターンが異なる可能性があるため,サブスペシャリティにおいてさらなる研究が必要である.
- ジェンダーはコミュニケーションスタイルに影響を与え,患者と医師の関係に影響を与えます.
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