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関連する概念動画

Hormonal Regulation01:40

Hormonal Regulation

Hormones regulate a significant portion of digestion through activation of the neuroendocrine system. The neuroendocrine system of digestion contains many different hormones all with multiple functions that are both, directly and indirectly, involved in digestion.
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Hormonal Regulation01:33

Hormonal Regulation

The renin-aldosterone system is an endocrine system which guides the renal absorption of water and electrolytes, thus managing blood pressure and osmoregulation. Activation of the system begins in the kidneys with a small cluster of cells adjacent to the afferent and efferent blood vessels of the renal corpuscle. As the nephrons are filtering blood, juxtaglomerular cells monitor blood pressure. If they detect a decrease in pressure, they release the hormone renin into the bloodstream.
Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle01:22

Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle

The ovarian cycle regulates endometrial changes throughout a single menstrual cycle via the coordinated action of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotrophins.
At puberty, GnRH begins a pulsatile release pattern, which triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses vary across the menstrual cycle, with faster pulses favoring LH release and slower pulses favoring FSH release.
Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle01:30

Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle

The ovarian cycle is meticulously regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This cycle orchestrates the release of a mature oocyte, essential for reproduction.
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle.  At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...
Menopause01:28

Menopause

Menopause, a natural biological process marking the end of a woman's fertility, typically occurs between the fifth and sixth decade of life. This phase is characterized by the exhaustion of the ovarian follicle pool, leading to less responsive ovaries despite the high levels of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH). The consequential decrease in estrogen production results in symptoms like hot flashes, heavy sweating, headaches, hair loss, muscle pains, vaginal...

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An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause
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閉経後のホルモン置換療法:科学的レビュー

Heidi D Nelson1, Linda L Humphrey, Peggy Nygren

  • 1Oregon Health and Science University, Mail Code BICC 504, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR 97201, USA. nelsonh@ohsu.edu

JAMA
|August 21, 2002
PubMed
まとめ

ホルモン置換療法 (HRT) は,骨粗鬆症の骨折や結腸直腸がんの予防などの利点を提供しています. しかし,心血管疾患,脳卒中,血栓,長期使用の乳がん,胆炎などのリスクも伴います.

科学分野:

  • 生殖医学は,生殖器医学である.
  • 心血管医学は,心臓血管医学である.
  • 腫瘍学 腫瘍学
  • ゲリアトリクス ゲリアトリクス

背景:

  • 閉経後のホルモン置換療法 (HRT) は,米国では一般的です.
  • 新しい証拠により,慢性疾患の予防におけるHRTの役割を再評価する必要がある.

研究 の 目的:

  • プライマリ予防のためのHRTの利益と害を評価する.
  • 主なアウトカムには,心血管疾患,血栓栓塞栓症,骨粗鬆症,がん,認知症,胆囊炎が含まれています.

主な方法:

  • MEDLINE,HealthSTAR,およびコクランデータベースを含む包括的な文献レビュー.
  • 最近の女性の健康イニシアチブ (WHI) と心臓およびエストロゲン/プロゲステン置換研究 (HERS) のデータを含む.
  • メタアナリシスと結果率の計算は,比較グループと合格した英語研究で実施されました.

主要な成果:

  • HRTは,現在の使用者における冠動脈疾患 (CHD) の発生率と死亡率の低下を示しましたが,これはすべての社会経済的な地位制御された研究において一貫しませんでした.
  • 脳卒中と静脈性血栓栓塞栓症のリスクの増加が観察されました,特に使用の最初の1年間.

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関連する実験動画

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An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause
06:18

An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause

Published on: August 13, 2019

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08:56

Estrogen-Like Effect of Bazi Bushen Capsule in Ovariectomized Rats

Published on: April 7, 2023

Studies on the Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Xiaoyao Pills in The Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis in Mice
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  • 骨粗鬆症の骨折に対する有意な保護と結腸直腸癌の発生率の減少が認められた.
  • より長い使用期間で乳がんのリスクが増加し,エストロゲン無抵抗で子宮内膜がんのリスクが増加しました.
  • HRTの使用は,胆囊炎のリスクの増加と関連していました.
  • 認知機能の改善は閉経期の女性で見られたが,認知症の予防に関するデータはまだ決定的ではない.

    • 結論:

    • HRTは,骨粗鬆症の骨折と結腸直腸癌の予防に有益です.
    • 潜在的な害には,心血管疾患,脳卒中,血栓塞栓症,乳がん (長期使用),胆炎のリスクの増加が含まれます.
    • 認知症の予防におけるHRTの役割については,さらなる調査が必要です.