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Updated: Jun 23, 2026

An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause
06:18

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閉経後のホルモン置換療法:科学的レビュー

Heidi D Nelson1, Linda L Humphrey, Peggy Nygren

  • 1Oregon Health and Science University, Mail Code BICC 504, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR 97201, USA. nelsonh@ohsu.edu

JAMA
|August 21, 2002
PubMed
まとめ

ホルモン置換療法 (HRT) は,骨粗鬆症の骨折や結腸直腸がんの予防などの利点を提供しています. しかし,心血管疾患,脳卒中,血栓,長期使用の乳がん,胆炎などのリスクも伴います.

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Hormonal Regulation01:40

Hormonal Regulation

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Bone Remodeling

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Hormonal Regulation01:33

Hormonal Regulation

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Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle

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At puberty, GnRH begins a pulsatile release pattern, which triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses vary across the menstrual cycle, with faster pulses favoring LH release and slower pulses favoring FSH release.
Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle01:30

Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle

The ovarian cycle is meticulously regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This cycle orchestrates the release of a mature oocyte, essential for reproduction.
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Menopause

Menopause, a natural biological process marking the end of a woman's fertility, typically occurs between the fifth and sixth decade of life. This phase is characterized by the exhaustion of the ovarian follicle pool, leading to less responsive ovaries despite the high levels of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH). The consequential decrease in estrogen production results in symptoms like hot flashes, heavy sweating, headaches, hair loss, muscle pains, vaginal...