波打破におけるバブル形成メカニズムのスケール依存性
1Marine Physical Laboratory, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0238, USA. grant@mpl.ucsd.edu
Nature
|August 23, 2002
まとめ
海波の破裂は空気泡を作り,ガス伝達とエアロゾールに影響を与えます. バブルサイズを制御する2つのメカニズムがあります:大きなバブルの場合の渦巻の断片化,小さなバブルの場合のジェット/ドロップの衝撃で,空気と海のガス交換に影響します.
科学分野:
- 海洋学 海洋学とは
- 流体力学 流体力学とは
- 大気科学 大気科学
背景:
- 波が海を突破すると,空気泡が形成され,空気と海のガス流,エアロゾール生成,海洋音響に大きな影響を与える.
- これらの流入した泡の大きさの分布は,これらのプロセスを制御するために非常に重要ですが,ホワイトキャップではまだよく理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 実験室と公海の両方の環境で,波打破の波の中でバブルサイズ分布を測定するために.
- ホワイトキャップの内部でバブルが形成されるメカニズムを定量的に説明する.
主な方法:
- バブルサイズ分布のインシット測定は,実験室で生成された破裂波で実施されました.
- フィールド測定は,自然に波打つ波の条件を捉えるために,オープンオーシャンで実施されました.
- 分析は,サイズに基づいて異なる泡形成メカニズムを特定することに焦点を当てました.
主要な成果:
- 2つの主要なメカニズムは,バブルサイズ分布を制御します:バブル> 1mm (密度 ~ R ^ -10/3) のための乱暴の断片化と,より小さなバブル (密度 ~ R ^ -3/2) のためのジェット/ドロップインパクト.
- 渦巻の断片化が停止するヒンゼ尺度は,この2つのサイズ制御過程の間の移行を区切る.
- バブル形成メカニズムの定量的な記述が確立されました.
結論:
- 破波における泡の大きさの分布は,渦巻の断片化とジェット/ドロップの衝撃メカニズムを組み合わせて決定される.
- これらのメカニズムと関連するヒンゼスケールを理解することは,空気-海ガス伝送を正確にモデル化するために不可欠です.
- この発見は,気候モデリングと海洋と大気の相互作用を理解する上で重要な意味を持つ.
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