医学的証言の証拠基準の不一致:裁判所の混乱
Jerome P Kassirer1, Joe S Cecil
1Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. JPKassirer@aol.com
JAMA
|September 18, 2002
まとめ
連邦裁判所は,有毒物質による傷害に関する医師の証言を一貫して評価するために苦労しています. 一部の裁判所は,典型的な医療実践よりも厳格な基準を適用し,医師を誤って表現します.
科学分野:
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
- 医療法 医療法 医療法について
- 法医学は,法医医学である.
背景:
- 米国最高裁判所の決定は,医療証言の連邦裁判所の審査に影響を与えます.
- 毒性物質による傷害に関する専門家の証言は,科学的厳格性に関する精査に直面しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 医療専門家の証言に関する基準の連邦裁判所の矛盾した適用を分析する.
- 司法基準と実際の医療実践の間の不一致を強調する.
主な方法:
- 同様の有毒性被曝事実と専門家の証言のケースにおける連邦裁判所の決定の比較分析.
- 医学的証拠の可決性に関する司法基準の検討.
主要な成果:
- 連邦裁判所は,医療証言の評価において,特に臨床試験や流行病学によって支持されていない場合,不一致を示しています.
- 一部の裁判所は,通常の臨床的意思決定において用いられる基準を超えた受理基準を課している.
- 司法の期待と,医師が実務で採用する基準との間には,不一致がある.
結論:
- 医療慣行に関する司法上の誤った解釈は,厳格な基準が適用されている場合に発生します.
- 医師は,法的基準を改善するために,これらの誤った解釈を積極的に修正する必要があります.
- 医療慣行を正確に反映する法的枠組みの開発は,専門家の証言の情報に基づいた司法および陪審員審査に不可欠です.
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