既存の植物コミュニティと化石植物コミュニティの分類学およびバイオマス分割の一般的なパターン
Brian J Enquist1, John P Haskell, Bruce H Tiffney
1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA. benquist@u.arizona.edu
Nature
|October 11, 2002
まとめ
植物のコミュニティにおける種の豊かさは,分類学的な多様性に関連しており,偶然に予想されるより低い数の高級個体群がある. 分散と相互作用の影響を受けたこのパターンは,何百万年にもわたって続いている.
科学分野:
- 進化の生態学 進化の生態学とは
- コミュニティエコロジー
- 生物多様性に関する研究は,
背景:
- 種の多様性を維持することは,進化生態学の重要な問題である.
- 生態コミュニティの特徴を理解することは,種の共存と多様性規制の理論をテストするのに役立ちます.
研究 の 目的:
- 種集合の多様性を維持する一般的な特徴を特定する.
- 様々なスケールや時間帯における植物コミュニティの種豊かさと分類学的多様性との関係を調査する.
主な方法:
- さまざまな生物地理的地域,大陸,地質的時間帯からの木質植物コミュニティデータ分析.
- パワー・ファンクション分析を用いたランダム化アセンブラージと観察された分類多様性の比較.
- 分類学的な多様性に影響を与える要因の検討,分散モードと生物学的相互作用を含む.
- 地元の多様性の変化に関連したコミュニティのバイオマス分割の調査.
主要な成果:
- 高級分類の数は,種の豊かさの力関数であり,ランダム化アセンブラージと有意に異なる.
- 地域社会は,概して,偶然によって予測されるよりも,より高い分類種の数が少ない.
- 分散形態と潜在的な生物学的相互作用は,分類学的多様性の程度に影響を与える.
- 局所的な多様性の変化は,また,パワー関数によって記述される分類種間のバイオマス分割の規則的な変化と相関する.
結論:
- 地元と地域のプロセスは,コミュニティの多様性と生物質の分割を進化の時間尺度で一貫して規制しています.
- 観測されたパターンは,生物多様性を支配するメカニズムの長期的な安定性を示唆しています.
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