欧州のアルプス山脈でラチス芽の流行が波を巻き起こしています
Ottar N Bjørnstad1, Mikko Peltonen, Andrew M Liebhold
1Departments of Entomology and Biology, 501 ASI Building, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. onb1@psu.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 2, 2002
まとめ
エコロジカルモデルは複雑な空間パターンを予測しますが,現実世界の例は稀です. この研究は,肉食動物と獲物のダイナミクスによって駆動される,年間210kmを移動する,芽虫の発生における方向性波を確認しています.
科学分野:
- エコロジー エコロジー エコロジー
- 人口のダイナミクス
- 理論的な生態学
背景:
- 空間的に拡張された人口モデルは,渦巻き波や反応-拡散ダイナミクスのカオスのような複雑な空間時間的なパターンを予測します.
- 生態系におけるこのような複雑な空間パターンの経験的証拠は依然として限られている.
研究 の 目的:
- 中央ヨーロッパ芽 (Zeiraphera diniana Gn.) の波の存在を証明するための定量的な技術を開発する. 疫病の発生. 疫病の発生. 疫病の発生.
- 昆虫集団における観測された空間的動態を駆動する根本的なメカニズムを調査する.
主な方法:
- 疫病発生データにおける波動パターンの検出と分析のための新しい定量技術の開発.
- 蝶と敵の相互作用と分散ダイナミクスを含む理論モデルの適用.
- ラーチ・ブドモス集団からの空間的および時間的なデータの分析.
主要な成果:
- 中欧の芽虫の流行で移動する波の存在を証明した.
- 定量化された波の伝播速度は,北東方向に1年に210キロメートルです.
- 理論モデルは,偏った分散または異質な生息地の生産性の条件下で方向波を予測しました.
結論:
- 非線形的な生態学的相互作用,特に捕食者-獲物のダイナミクスは,地域規模で複雑な空間的ダイナミクスを生み出すことができます.
- この発見は,昆虫集団における波現象の理論的予測に経験的根拠を提供している.
- 分散や景観の生産性グラデーションの方向性バイアスは,波の形成の重要な要因です.
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