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Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Regulation of Hormone Secretion
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Regulation of Hormone Secretion

6.0K

ブロモドメインの機能と選択性は,プロモーター核分裂体へのクロマチンの修飾複合体を固定する機能と選択性を有する

Ahmed H Hassan1, Philippe Prochasson, Kristen E Neely

  • 1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, 306 Althouse Laboratory, University Park, PA 16802, USA.

Cell
|November 7, 2002
PubMed
まとめ

SAGAとSWI/SNF複合体は,ブロモドメインを使ってアセチル化プロモーターと結合し,安定した表遺伝子マークを確立します. この結合は,転写活性化剤なしでさえも遺伝子調節を維持するために不可欠です.

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Regulation of Hormone Secretion01:19

Regulation of Hormone Secretion

Regulation of hormone secretion is a finely tuned orchestration driven by various types of stimuli, encompassing neural, humoral, and hormonal signals. Environmental cues instigate neural stimuli, where action potentials traverse nerve fibers to reach their designated targets. An illustrative scenario is the body's response to stress, wherein the sympathetic nervous system releases epinephrine from the adrenal glands, inducing the well-known 'fight or flight' reaction.
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Secretory vesicles, also known as dense core vesicles (DCVs), are membrane-bound vesicles that transport secretory proteins, such as hormones or neurotransmitters. Regulated secretory vesicles transport proteins from the trans-Golgi network to the exterior of the cell. Proteins present in regulated secretory vesicles are required to be rapidly exocytosed in large amounts upon a specific stimulus.
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Insulin Secretory Vesicles01:05

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Insulin secretory vesicles release insulin to stimulate blood glucose uptake and regulate carbohydrate metabolism. When the blood glucose levels increase, glucose enters the pancreatic β-islet cells through glucose transporters. Once inside, glucose is metabolized through glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain, producing ATP. This increase in ATP concentration closes ATP-sensitive potassium channels, leading to depolarization of the membrane and the opening of...
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The pancreatic islets comprising only 1%-2% of the volume are highly vascularized and innervated mini-organs. They contain five endocrine cell types, including β cells that secrete insulin, which is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain, preproinsulin, processed to proinsulin, and finally to insulin and C-peptide. This process is complex and regulated, involving the Golgi complex, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the secretory granules of the β cell.
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