大規模な気候による動物集団の動態の同期
Eric Post1, Mads C Forchhammer
1Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, 208 Mueller Lab, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA. esp10@psu.edu
Nature
|November 15, 2002
まとめ
気候変動は,膨大な距離の動物集団を同期させることができる. 北大西洋振動 (North Atlantic Oscillation,NAO) は,グリーンランドのカリブウとムスク牛の集団の同期的動態を駆動し,局所的な相互作用を排除しています.
科学分野:
- エコロジー エコロジー エコロジー
- 気候変動 生物学
- 人口のダイナミクス
背景:
- 気候変動は動物集団の動態に影響を与え,その動態が環境的相関に関連している場合,複数の集団で同時に反応を引き起こす可能性があります.
- 北大西洋振動 (North Atlantic Oscillation,NAO) は,北半球全土の天候に影響を及ぼす主要な気候システムであり,地域的な影響も相関しています.
- 同期的な人口変動は,しばしば分散またはトロフィック相互作用に起因し,大規模な気候の影響を混乱させる.
研究 の 目的:
- 大規模な気候システム,特にNAOが,重要な地理的距離を越えて異なる種の集団動態を同期できるかどうかを調査する.
- 動物集団の動態は,分散や生態学的相互作用から独立して,気候によって同期することができるという仮説を検証する.
主な方法:
- グリーンランド全土のカリブウとムスク牛の集団動態データを分析した.
- 北大西洋振動 (NAO) インデックスと相関する人口変動.
- 内陸の氷の1000km以上で隔てられている両種の集団の間の空間的同期を評価した.
主要な成果:
- カリブウとムスク牛の両方の集団動態における空間的同期が観察されました.
- この同期性はNAO指数と有意に相関していた.
- 広範な内陸の氷によって分離されたカリブウとムスク牛の個体群の間に種間の同期性が明らかであり,分散や直接的な生態学的相互作用を排除しました.
結論:
- 北大西洋振動 (North Atlantic Oscillation,NAO) は,グリーンランド全土のカリブーとムスク牛の集団動態を同期する.
- これらの発見は,大規模な気候パターンが,広大な地理的地域における異なる種の同期的な集団変化を促すことができることを示しています.
- 動物集団は,異なる種であっても,地域の生態学的つながりに関係なく,地球規模の気候変動に同期的に反応することができます.
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