利尿薬,死亡率,急性腎不全における腎機能の回復不能
Ravindra L Mehta1, Maria T Pascual, Sharon Soroko
1Division of Nephrology, University of California, San Diego, Medical Center, USA.
JAMA
|November 28, 2002
まとめ
利尿薬は,急性腎不全患者の死亡と腎不回復のリスクを増加させる可能性があります. この研究は,潜在的な害のために急性腎臓損傷を有する重症患者の利尿剤の使用を抑止することを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- ネフロロジーは腎臓科です.
- クリティカルケア・メディシン
背景:
- 急性腎不全 (ARF) は,高い死亡率を持つ深刻な疾患です.
- ARFにおける利尿剤の使用は,支持する証拠が不足しており,有害である可能性があります.
研究 の 目的:
- 尿薬の使用とARFの重症患者のアウトカムとの関連を調査する.
- この患者集団において,利尿剤が利益をもたらすかリスクをもたらすかを判断する.
主な方法:
- 4つの学術医療センターでARFを患った552人の重症患者が参加したコホート研究.
- 患者の分類は,腎臓科の診察時に,そして最初の1週間に,利尿剤の使用に基づいて行われました.
- 評価されたアウトカムには,全原因の病院での死亡率と腎機能の回復不全が含まれていました.
主要な成果:
- 診察の際,59%の患者に利尿剤が投与された.
- 利尿剤の使用は,高齢の患者,心不全の患者,腎臓毒性ARFの患者と関連していました.
- 調整した分析により,利尿剤の使用は,死亡または腎臓の回復不全のリスクを有意に増加させることが明らかになった (OR, 1.77).
- このリスクは,利尿剤に反応しない患者および早期死亡を除外した患者で高かった.
結論:
- 重症のARF患者への利尿剤の投与は,死亡率の増加と腎臓の回復不全と関連しています.
- 研究結果は,利尿剤は有意な利点を提供せず,有害である可能性があることを示唆しています.
- この研究は,強力な臨床試験の証拠なしに,ARFの広範な利尿剤の使用を抑止することを推奨しています.
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