米国の高齢者の障害と機能の最近の傾向:体系的なレビュー
Vicki A Freedman1, Linda G Martin, Robert F Schoeni
1Polisher Research Institute, Madlyn and Leonard Abramson Center for Jewish Life, 1425 Horsham Rd, North Wales, PA 19454, USA. vfreedman@abramsoncenter.org
JAMA
|December 27, 2002
まとめ
アメリカ人の高齢者の障害は減少しており,日常生活活動や機能的制限が改善されています. 将来の医療ニーズに対する原因と影響を理解するために,さらなる研究が必要です.
科学分野:
- ゲロントロジーはゲロントロジーの学科です.
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
背景:
- 最近の研究では,高齢のアメリカ人の障害が減少していることが示されています.
- 過去10年間で機能的状態の改善が示唆されている証拠があります.
研究 の 目的:
- 自ら評価した高齢者の障害や限界に関する米国の傾向に関する証拠の質と一貫性を評価する.
- 人口集団による障害の格差の傾向を評価する.
主な方法:
- MEDLINEとAGELINEで1990年から2002年までの記事を検索した.
- 米国の高齢者の障害傾向に関する8つのユニークな調査から16件の記事をレビューしました.
- 調査の質を評価し,障害の結果に対する年間平均変化率を計算した.
主要な成果:
- "良好"または"公正"と評価された調査は,全体的な障害と日常生活の障害の道具としての活動が一貫して減少していることを示しました.
- 認知および感覚的限界の傾向に関する証拠は,限られたか矛盾していた.
- 年齢,性別,人種,教育による障害の格差の傾向は限られ,混在していた.
結論:
- 複数の測定では,高齢者の障害や限界の改善が示されています.
- これらの改善の原因と,将来の医療需要への影響を特定するために,研究が必要です.
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