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アメリカの大都市圏における自閉症の流行
Marshalyn Yeargin-Allsopp1, Catherine Rice, Tanya Karapurkar
1National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (F-15), 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA. mxy1@cdc.gov
JAMA
|December 31, 2002
まとめ
大都市アトランタにおける自閉症の罹患率は1000人当たり3.4人であり,人種間の割合も同様であった. この研究は,自閉症スペクトル障害 (ASD) の症例を特定する上で教育源の重要な役割を強調しています.
科学分野:
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 発達小児科 発達小児科
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
背景:
- 自閉症の罹患率の潜在的増加に関する懸念が高まっている.
- 米国における人口ベースの自閉症に関する限られた研究.
研究 の 目的:
- 米国の主要都市圏における自閉症の流行を決定する.
- 罹患した児童人口の人口統計学的および臨床的特徴を特徴づける.
主な方法:
- 大都市アトランタの3〜10歳児を対象とした人口ベースの研究 (1996).
- 複数の医療記録や教育記録を通じて症例を特定する.
- DSM-IV基準に基づく症例状況決定のための専門家レビュー.
主要な成果:
- 自閉症の罹患率は1000人当たり3.4人 (95%CI,3.2-3.6) で,男性と女性の比率は4:1でした.
- 黒人 (3.4/1000人) と白人 (3.4/1000人) の子供で比較可能な罹患率が観察されました.
- 認知障害は,検査結果が入手可能な子供の68%に存在し,教育情報源は,特に特定の人口集団では,症例の40%を特定しました.
結論:
- この研究の自閉症率は,最近の発見と一致しており,1980年代から1990年代初頭の米国における自閉症率を上回っている.
- 教育システムは,自閉症スペクトル障害 (ASD) を特定する上で重要な役割を果たします.
- 人口統計と認知のプロフィールを理解することは,標的の介入とサポートに不可欠です.
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