アメリカの成人の間での飲酒乱用
Timothy S Naimi1, Robert D Brewer, Ali Mokdad
1Alcohol Team, Emerging Investigations, and Analytic Methods Branch , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA. tbn7@cdc.gov
JAMA
|December 31, 2002
まとめ
5杯以上のアルコール飲料を一度に飲むと定義される"飲み過ぎ"は,米国で増加しています. この傾向は,成人の間で障害のある運転の可能性が高いことと関連しています.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 薬物乱用研究 薬物乱用研究
背景:
- 一回で5杯以上のアルコール飲料を飲むことで特徴づけられるビングドリンクは,急性障害と健康への悪影響と関連しています.
- 米国における乱飲の流行は増加しているようです.
研究 の 目的:
- 1993年から2001年にかけての米国成人の飲酒乱用のエピソードを定量化するために.
- 飲酒狂乱に巻き込まれた個人を特徴づけるために.
- 州や地域における乱飲の地理的変動を記述する.
主な方法:
- 行動リスク因子監視システム (BRFSS) のデータを活用し,18歳以上の米国の成人を対象に毎年電話で実施する調査である.
- サンプルサイズは,1993年の102,263から2001年の212,510まで変化した.
- 測定された乱飲の流行,エピソード数,および1人当たり1年あたりのエピソード.
主要な成果:
- 1993年から2001年の間に,飲み過ぎの合計エピソードは12億から15億に増加しました.
- 研究期間中に1人当たりの飲酒乱用のエピソードは年間17% (6.3から7.4) 増加し,1995年以降は35%の大幅な増加を示した.
- 男性はエピソードの81%を占め,18〜25歳の年齢層が最も多く,エピソードの69%は26歳以上の成人を含む. 適度な飲酒者は,乱飲者の73%を占める.
- ビンジドリンクを飲んだ人は,ビンジドリンクを飲まない人と比較して,アルコールの影響で運転する確率が14倍高かった.
結論:
- ビンジ・ドリンクは,26歳以上を含む米国の多様な成人の集団に共通しています.
- 人口1人当たりの飲酒乱用の頻度は,特に1995年以降,増加しています.
- ビンジ・ドリンクは,アルコールの影響下での運転と強く相関しており,予防的介入とアルコールの乱用に対するスクリーニングの広範な採用を必要としています.
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