肥満と環境:ここからどこへ?

James O Hill¹, Holly R Wyatt, George W Reed

¹Center for Human Nutrition, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO 80262, USA. james.hill@uchsc.edu

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|February 8, 2003

まとめ

人口の体重増加を防ぐには,毎日100キロカロリーのエネルギーバランスシフトが必要です. 日常の散歩や食事の摂取量を減らすような小さな行動の変化は,これを達成し,肥満の流行と闘うことができます.

科学分野:

公共衛生は公衆衛生である.
栄養科学栄養学栄養科学は,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学は,栄養学が,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は
行動科学は,行動科学である.

背景:

世界的な肥満の流行は,持続的で増大する公衆衛生の危機です.
環境要因は,人口全体の徐々に増加する体重に大きく寄与する.
これらの肥満を誘発する環境的力に対抗するために,緊急の戦略が必要である.

研究の目的:

人口の体重増加を防止するための量化可能なエネルギーバランス目標を決定する.
この目標を達成できる実践的な行動変化を特定する.
肥満の流行と闘うための特定の行動目標の可能性を評価する.

主な方法:

エネルギーバランスを推定するための国家調査データの分析.
100キロカロリーの日々のエネルギー不足の影響をモデル化.
エネルギー摂取の減少と身体活動の増加のために実行可能な行動変更を特定します.

主要な成果:

毎日100キロカロリーのエネルギーバランスの調整は,人口のほとんどで体重増加を防ぐと推定されています.
この赤字は,毎日15分間歩くなど,単純な行動変化によって達成できます.
また,食事毎に食べ物の摂取量を数口減らすことで,目標エネルギー赤字に寄与することができます.

結論:

控えめな日々のエネルギー赤字をターゲットにすることは,人口レベルでの体重増加の予防のための実行可能な戦略です.
小規模で実現可能な行動の変化を実装することで,エネルギーバランスに集団的に大きく影響を与えることができます.
特定の行動目標の確立は,進行中の肥満の流行を効果的に阻止するために不可欠である可能性があります.

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