低出生体重の赤ん坊の認知機能の変化
Laura R Ment1, Betty Vohr, Walter Allan
1Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St, New Haven, Conn 06520, USA. laura.ment@yale.edu
JAMA
|February 15, 2003
まとめ
低出生体重 (VLBW) のほとんどの子供は,認知機能の改善を示し,幼児期を通じて言語とIQのスコアが向上しています. しかし,早期の腹腔内出血 (IVH) と中枢神経系損傷を受けた患者は,スコアが低下した.
科学分野:
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
- 発達小児科 発達小児科
- 認知心理学とは,認知心理学である.
背景:
- 非常に低出生体重 (VLBW) の乳児は,神経発達障害のリスクが高い.
- 新興の証拠は,早期の損傷後の脳の回復と補償の可能性を示唆しています.
研究 の 目的:
- VLBWで早産児の認知発達軌道を調査する.
- 幼児期から中年期までの長期の認知変化を評価する.
主な方法:
- ランダム化対照試験による296人のVLBWの乳児の将来のフォローアップ.
- 36,54,72,96ヶ月の連続認知評価で,年齢 (CA) が修正されました.
- ピーボディ画像語彙テスト改訂 (PPVT-R) と知能指数 (IQ) を測定した.
主要な成果:
- 平均PPVT-Rスコアは,CAの36ヶ月で88からCAの96ヶ月で99に改善されました.
- 子供の45%がPPVT-Rで≥10ポイントを獲得し,12.5%が5-9ポイントを獲得しました.
- 高い母教育と双親家庭は,よりよいPPVT-Rスコアと相関しています. 早期の介入は,教育程度が低い母親の子供たちに恩恵をもたらした.
- 早期の腹腔内出血 (IVH) と中枢神経系損傷を有する小児は,初期に低いスコアを示し,その後減少した.
結論:
- 大半のVLBWの子どもは,時間の経過とともに認知の改善を示しています.
- 認知機能の低下は,主に早期発症のIVHと重要な中枢神経系損傷を有するVLBWの乳児で観察されました.
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