イーストのゲノム複製に続いて,複製された遺伝子の非同期的分化が行われた

Rikke B Langkjaer¹, Paul F Cliften, Mark Johnston

¹BioCentrum-DTU, Technical University of Denmark, Building 301, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark.

Nature

|February 21, 2003

まとめ

酵母における遺伝子の複製は,種が分岐する前に一度起こった可能性が高い. 専門化または削除を含む後の遺伝子進化は,異なる酵母系において独立して起こった.

科学分野:

進化生物学の進化生物学について
ゲノミクスゲノミクスとは
イースト遺伝学イースト遺伝学

背景:

遺伝子の冗長性は,ユカリオットにおいて一般的であり,しばしば全ゲノム複製の結果である.
ベーカーの酵母 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) は多数の複製遺伝子を持ち,その進化のタイミングに関する疑問を提起しています.
複製された遺伝子の起源を理解することは,ゲノム進化の解読に不可欠です.

研究の目的:

イーストの複製遺伝子の進化史を調査する.
遺伝子の複製が種多様化に先行するか,後続するかどうかを判断する.
複製された遺伝子コピーの後の進化の経路を分析する.

主な方法:

関連酵母種間の遺伝子オートロゴの系統遺伝分析.
比較ゲノミクスは,遺伝子の複製イベントのタイミングを推測する.
複製された遺伝子ペアの進化軌跡を追跡する.

主要な成果:

分析された酵母群の遺伝子複製は,おそらく単一のイベントから生じた.
この重複の出来事は,SaccharomycesとKluyveromycesの系統の分岐に先立ちました.
複製後の進化は,遺伝子の特化と複製の削除を含む,それぞれの系統で独立して発生しました.

結論:

単一の古代の遺伝子複製イベントが,関連する酵母種のゲノムを形成した.
独立した進化過程が,系統の分岐後に複製された遺伝子の運命を支配した.
この研究は,ゲノム進化と遺伝子冗長性を駆動するメカニズムについての洞察を提供します.

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